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Kriminaalmenetluse koodeks
(terviktekst aprill 2004) (kehtetu)
Vastu võetud 6. jaanuaril 1961. a (ENSV ÜT 1961, 1, 4 ja lisa; terviktekst RT I 2002, 85, 503),jõustunud 1. aprillil 1961. a.,muudetud järgmiste seadustega:07.04.2004 jõust. 01.05.2004 - RT I 2004, 27, 176;17.12.2003 jõust. 01.01.2004 - RT I 2003, 88, 590;17.12.2003 jõust. 01.01.2004 - RT I 2003, 83, 558;17.12.2003 jõust. 01.01.2004 - RT I 2003, 83, 557;12.02.2003 jõust. 21.03.2003 - RT I 2003, 26, 156;22.01.2003 jõust. 01.03.2003 - RT I 2003, 13, 67;
I osa
Üldsätted
1. peatükk
Põhisätted
[...]
§ 13. Õigusemõistmine isikute võrdõiguslikkuse alusel seaduse ja kohtu ees
Õigusemõistmist kriminaalasjades teostatakse põhimõttel, et isikud on seaduse ja kohtu ees võrdsed, olenemata päritolust, sotsiaalsest ja varalisest seisundist, rassilisest ja rahvuslikust kuuluvusest, soost, haridusest, keelest, suhtumisest religioonisse, tegevusalast ja -laadist, elukohast ja muudest asjaoludest.
lasjas leiduvate tõenditega üldises korras.
[...]
X osa
Rahvusvaheline koostöö
35. peatükk
Rahvusvaheline koostöö kriminaalmenetluse alal
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§ 4132. Abistamise ulatus
(1) Välisriigis mõistetud karistuse või muu mõjutusvahendi kohaldamisel on keelatud abistada, kui
1) taotluse aluseks olev otsus ei ole lõplik ega jõustunud;
2) otsust ei ole teinud sõltumatu ja erapooletu kohus;
3) otsus on tehtud tagaselja;
4) süüdistatavale ei ole tagatud kaitseõigust või kui kriminaalmenetlust ei ole korraldatud talle arusaadavas keeles;
5) isikut on karistatud tema rassi, rahvuse, usuliste või poliitiliste tõekspidamiste pärast;
6) tegu, mille toimepanemise eest on mõistetud karistus või kohaldatud muud mõjutusvahendit, ei too Eesti seaduse kohaselt kaasa karistust või Eesti seadus ei näe ette sellist karistust või mõjutusvahendit;
7) Eesti kohus on samas süüdistuses isiku süüdi mõistnud, tema suhtes on kriminaalmenetlus jäetud algatamata või kriminaalmenetlus on lõpetatud või
8) Eesti seaduste kohaselt on kohtuotsuse täitmine aegunud.
(2) Kui välisriigis tehtud konfiskeerimisotsus puudutab kolmandaid isikuid, ei ole seda lubatud täita, kui
1) kolmandale isikule ei ole antud võimalust oma huve kaitsta või
2) kui otsus ei ole kooskõlas Eesti seaduse alusel samas asjas tehtud tsiviilõigusliku otsusega.
(22.03.2000 jõust. 17.04.2000 - RT I 2000, 29, 173)
[...]
©FB
Penal Code
Passed 6 June 2001 (consolidated text Apr 2008)
(RT1 I 2001, 61, 364; consolidated text RT I 2002, 86, 504), entered into force 1 September 2002, amended by the following Acts:
16.04.08 entered into force 23.05.08 - RT I 2008, 19, 132 entered into force 24.03.08 - RT I 2008, 13, 87 19.12.07 entered into force 28.01.08 - RT I 2008, 3, 21 6.12.07 entered into force 14.01.08 - RT I 2008, 1, 1 14.06.07 entered into force 20.07.07 - RT I 2007, 45, 320 15.02.07 entered into force 2.01.08 - RT I 2007, 23, 119 25.01.07 entered into force 1.01.08 - RT I 2007, 16, 77 24.01.2007 entered into force 15.03.2007 - RT I 2007, 13, 69 17.01.2007 entered into force 18.02.2007 - RT I 2007, 11, 51 13.12.2006 entered into force 01.02.2007 - RT I 2007, 2, 7 27.09.2006 entered into force 01.01.2007 - RT I 2006, 46, 333 14.06.2006 entered into force 16.07.2006 - RT I 2006, 31, 234 14.06.2006 entered into force 16.07.2006 - RT I 2006, 31, 233 07.06.2006 entered into force 14.07.2006 - RT I 2006, 30, 231 19.04.2006 entered into force 25.05.2006 - RT I 2006, 21, 160; 26.01.2006 entered into force 04.02.2006 - RT I 2006, 42, 151 07.12.2005 entered into force 01.01.2006 - RT I 2005, 68, 529; 28.06.05 entered into force 18.09.05 - RT I 2005, 47, 387; 16.06.2005 entered into force 01.10.2005 - RT I 2005, 40, 311; 15.06.05 entered into force 01.01.06 - RT I 2005, 20, 126; 23.03.2005 entered into force 01.01.2006 - RT I 2005, 20, 126; 08.12.2004 entered into force 02.01.2005 - RT I 2004, 88, 600; 28.06.2004 entered into force 01.08.2004 - RT I 2004, 56, 401; 28.06.2004 entered into force 01.07.2004 - RT I 2004, 54, 387; 19.05.2004 entered into force 01.07.2004 - RT I 2004, 46, 329; 28.01.2004 entered into force 14.02.2004 - RT I 2004, 7, 40; 18.12.2003 entered into force 01.01.2004 - RT I 2003, 90, 601;
17.12.2003 entered into force 01.01.2004 - RT I 2003, 83, 557; 18.12.2002 entered into force 23.01.2003 - RT I 2003, 4, 22; 04.12.2002 entered into force 02.01.2003 - RT I 2002, 105, 612.
General Part
Chapter 1
General Provisions
§ 1. Scope of application of General Part of Penal Code
(1) The provisions of the General Part of the Penal Code apply to the imposition of punishments for offences provided for in the Special Part of this Code and other Acts.
(2) For the purposes of this Chapter, “penal law” means this Code or any other Act which prescribes a punishment for an offence.
§ 2. Basis for punishment
(1) No one shall be convicted or punished for an act which was not an offence pursuant to the law applicable at the time of the commission of the act.
(2) A person shall be punished for an act if the act comprises the necessary elements of an offence, is unlawful and the person is guilty of the commission of the offence.
(3) No one shall be punished more than once for the same offence, regardless of whether the punishment is imposed in Estonia or in another state.
(4) An act shall not be declared to be an offence by analogy in law.
§ 3. Types of offences
(1) An offence is a punishable act provided for in this Code or another Act.
(2) Offences are criminal offences and misdemeanours.
(3) A criminal offence is an offence which is provided for in this Code and the principal punishment prescribed for which in the case of natural persons is a pecuniary punishment or imprisonment and in the case of legal persons, a pecuniary punishment or compulsory dissolution.
(4) A misdemeanour is an offence which is provided for in this Code or another Act and the principal punishment prescribed for which is a fine or detention.
(5) If a person commits an act which comprises the necessary elements of both a misdemeanour and a criminal offence, the person shall be punished only for the criminal offence. If a punishment is not imposed for the criminal offence, the same act may be punished for the misdemeanour.
§ 4. Degrees of criminal offences
(1) Criminal offences are criminal offences in the first and in the second degree.
(2) A criminal offence in the first degree is an offence the maximum punishment prescribed for which in this Code is imprisonment for a term of more than five years, life imprisonment or compulsory dissolution.
(3) A criminal offence in the second degree is an offence the punishment prescribed for which in this Code is imprisonment for a term of up to five years or a pecuniary punishment.
(4) The mitigation or aggravation of a punishment on the basis of the provisions of the General Part of this Code shall not alter the degree of a criminal offence.
§ 5. Temporal applicability of penal law
(1) A punishment shall be imposed pursuant to the law in force at the time of commission of the act.
(2) An Act which precludes the punishability of an act, mitigates a punishment or otherwise alleviates the situation of a person shall have retroactive effect.
(3) An Act which declares an act as punishable, aggravates a punishment or otherwise exacerbates the situation of a person shall not have retroactive effect.
(4) Offences against humanity and war crimes shall be punishable regardless of the time of commission of the offence.
§ 6. Territorial applicability of penal law
(1) The penal law of Estonia applies to acts committed within the territory of Estonia.
(2) The penal law of Estonia applies to acts committed on board of or against ships or aircraft registered in Estonia, regardless of the location of the ship or aircraft at the time of commission of the offence or the penal law of the country where the offence is committed.
§ 7. Applicability of penal law by reason of person concerned
The penal law of Estonia applies to an act committed outside the territory of Estonia if such act constitutes a criminal offence pursuant to the penal law of Estonia and is punishable at the place of commission of the act, or if no penal power is applicable at the place of commission of the act and if:
1) the act is committed against a citizen of Estonia or a legal person registered in Estonia;
3) the offender is a citizen of Estonia at the time of commission of the act or becomes a citizen of Estonia after the commission of the act, or if the offender is an alien who has been detained in Estonia and is not extradited.
(2) The penal law of Estonia applies to an act committed outside the territory of Estonia if such act constitutes a criminal offence pursuant to the penal law of Estonia and the offender is a member of the Defence Forces performing his or her duties.
(19.05.2004 entered into force 01.07.2004 - RT I 2004, 46, 329)
§ 8. Applicability of penal law to acts against internationally protected legal rights
Regardless of the law of the place of commission of an act, the penal law of Estonia shall apply to an act committed outside the territory of Estonia if the punishability of the act arises from an international agreement binding on Estonia.
§ 9. Applicability of penal law to acts against legal rights of Estonia
Regardless of the law of the place of commission of an act, the penal law of Estonia applies to acts committed outside the territory of Estonia if according to the penal law of Estonia the act is a criminal offence in the first degree and if such act:
1) causes damage to the life or health of the population of Estonia;
2) interferes with the exercise of state authority or the defence capability of Estonia, or
3) causes damage to the environment.
§ 10. Time of commission of act
An act is deemed to be committed at the time when the person acted or was legally required to act. The time of occurrence of the consequences shall not be taken into consideration.
§ 11. Place of commission of act
(1) An act is deemed to be committed at the place where:
1) the person acted;
2) the person was legally required to act;
3) the consequence which constitutes a necessary element of the offence occurred, or
4) according to the assumption of the person, the consequence which constitutes a necessary element of the offence should have occurred.
(2) Complicity is deemed to be committed at the place where:
1) the principal offender committed the criminal offence;
2) the accomplice acted;
3) the accomplice was legally required to act, or
4) according to the assumption of the accomplice, the consequence which constitutes a necessary element of the offence should have occurred.
(3) If an accomplice to a criminal offence committed in a foreign state commits an act in the territory of Estonia and pursuant to the penal law of Estonia such act is punishable and the act of the principal offender is punishable at the place of commission of the act or no penal power is applicable at the place of commission of the act, the penal law of Estonia applies to the accomplice.
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Chapter 8
Offences Against Humanity and International Security
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Division 2
Offences Against Humanity
[...]
§ 90. Genocide
A person who, with the intention to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, a group resisting occupation or any other social group, kills or tortures members of the group, causes health damage to members of the group, imposes coercive measures preventing childbirth within the group or forcibly transfers children of the group, or subjects members of such group to living conditions which have caused danger for the total or partial physical destruction of the group, shall be punished by 10 to 20 years’ imprisonment or life imprisonment.
[...]
Division 4
War Crimes
[...]
§ 102. Attacks against protected persons
A person who kills, tortures, causes health damage to or takes hostage a member of a medical unit with proper distinguishing marks, or any other person attending to sick or wounded persons, a minister of religion, a representative of an humanitarian organisation performing his or her duties in a war zone, a civil-defence worker, a member of a parliament, or a person accompanying such person, shall be punished by 6 to 15 years’ imprisonment.
[...]
§ 107. Attacks against cultural property
Destruction, damaging or illegal appropriation of a cultural monument, church or other structure or object of religious significance, a work of art or science, an archive of cultural value, a library, museum or scientific collection not used for military purposes is punishable by a pecuniary punishment or 1 to 5 years’ imprisonment.
[...]
Chapter 10
Offences Against Political and Civil Rights
Division 1
Offences Against Equality
§ 151. Incitement of hatred
(1) Activities which publicly incite to hatred, violence or discrimination on the basis of nationality, race, colour, sex, language, origin, religion, sexual orientation, political opinion, or financial or social status if this results in danger to the life, health or property of a person are punishable by a fine of up to 300 fine units or by detention.
(2) Same act, if
1) if it causes the death of a person or results in damage to health or other serious consequences, or
2) it was committed by a person who has previously been punished by such act, or
3) it was committed by a criminal organisation, - is punishable by pecuniary punishment or up to 3 years’ imprisonment.
(3) An act provided for in subsection (1) of this section, if committed by a legal person, is punishable by a fine of up to 50 000 kroons.
(4) An act provided for in subsection (2) of this section, if committed by a legal person, is punishable by a pecuniary punishment.
(14.06.2006 entered into force 16.07.2006 - RT I 2006, 31, 234)
(2) The same act, if committed:
1) at least twice, or
2) significant damage is thereby caused to the rights or interests of another person protected by law or to public interests, is punishable by a pecuniary punishment or up to 3 years’ imprisonment.
(19.05.2004 entered into force 01.07.2004 - RT I 2004, 46, 329)
§ 152. Violation of equality
(1)Unlawful restriction of the rights of a person or granting of unlawful preferences to a person on the basis of his or her nationality, race, colour, sex, language, origin, religion, sexual orientation, political opinion, financial or social status is punishable by a fine of up to 300 fine units or by detention.
(14.06.2006 entered into force 16.07.2006 - RT I 2006, 31, 234)
(2) The same act, if committed:
1) at least twice, or
2) significant damage is thereby caused to the rights or interests of another person protected by law or to public interests, is punishable by a pecuniary punishment or up to one year of imprisonment.
(19.05.2004 entered into force 01.07.2004 - RT I 2004, 46, 329)
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Division 2
Violation of Fundamental Freedoms
§ 154. Violation of freedom of religion
A person who interferes with the religious affiliation or religious practices of a person, unless the religious affiliation or practices are detrimental to the morals, rights or health of other people or violate public order, shall be punished by a pecuniary punishment or up to one year of imprisonment.
§ 155. Compelling person to join or retain membership of religious association or political party
(18.12.2003 entered into force 01.01.2004 - RT I 2003, 90, 601)
Compelling a person to join or be a member of a religious association or a political party is punishable by a pecuniary punishment or up to one year of imprisonment.
(18.12.2003 entered into force 01.01.2004 - RT I 2003, 90, 601)
[...]
Chapter 25
Implementing Provision
§ 451. Implementation of Penal Code
The Penal Code shall be implemented by a separate Act.
1 Directive 2001/29/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 May 2001 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society (OJ L 167, 22.06.2001, pp 10–19).
(24.01.2007 entered into force 15.03.2007 - RT I 2007, 13, 69)
1 RT = Riigi Teataja = the State Gazette
2 Riigikogu = the parliament of Estonia
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