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ASOCIATII SI FUNDATII
(Ordonanta nr. 26 din 2000. Monitorul Oficial nr. 39 din 31 ianuarie 2000)
CAPITOLUL I
DISPOZITII GENERALE
Art. 1.
(1) Persoanele fizice si persoanele juridice care urmaresc desfasurarea unor activitati in interes general sau in interesul unor colectivitati locale ori, dupa caz, in interesul lor personal nepatrimonial pot constitui asociatii ori fundatii in conditiile prezentei ordonante.
(2) Asociatiile si fundatiile constituite potrivit prezentei ordonante sunt persoane juridice de drept privat fara scop patrimonial.
(3) Partidele politice, sindicatele si cultele religioase nu intra sub incidenta prezentei ordonante.
Art. 2.
Prezenta ordonanta are ca scop crearea cadrului pentru:
a) exercitarea dreptului la libera asociere;
b) promovarea valorilor civice, ale democratiei si statului de drept;
c) urmarirea realizarii unui interes general, local sau, dupa caz, de grup;
d) facilitarea accesului asociatiilor si fundatiilor la resurse private si publice;
e) parteneriatul dintre autoritatile publice si persoanele juridice de drept privat fara scop patrimonial;
f) respectarea ordinii publice.
Art. 3.
Actele juridice de constituire a asociatiilor si fundatiilor, incheiate in conditiile prezentei ordonante, sunt guvernate de legea civila.
CAPITOLUL II
INFIINTAREA ASOCIATIILOR SI A FUNDATIILOR
SECTIUNEA 1
CONSTITUIREA SI INSCRIEREA ASOCIATIEI
Art. 4.
Asociatia este subiectul de drept constituit de trei sau mai multe persoane care, pe baza unei intelegeri, pun in comun si fara drept de restituire contributia materiala, cunostintele sau aportul lor in munca pentru realizarea unor activitati in interes general, comunitar sau, dupa caz, in interesul lor, personal nepatrimonial.
Art. 5.
(1) Asociatia dobandeste personalitate juridica prin inscrierea in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor aflat la grefa judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala isi are sediul.
(2) In temeiul dreptului constitutional la asociere, persoanele fizice se pot asocia fara a constitui o persoana juridica atunci cand realizarea scopului propus permite aceasta.
Art. 6.
(1) In vederea dobandirii personalitatii juridice, asociatii incheie actul constitutiv si statutul asociatiei, in forma autentica, sub sanctiunea nulitatii absolute.
(2) Actul constitutiv cuprinde, sub sanctiunea nulitatii absolute:
a) datele de identificare a asociatilor: numele sau denumirea si, dupa caz, domiciliul sau sediul acestora;
b) exprimarea vointei de asociere si a scopului propus;
c) denumirea asociatiei;
d) sediul asociatiei;
e) durata de functionare a asociatiei - pe termen determinat, cu indicarea expresa a termenului sau, dupa caz, pe termen nedeterminat;
f) patrimoniul initial al asociatiei; activul patrimonial, in valoare de cel putin dublul salariului minim brut pe economie, la data constituirii asociatiei, este alcatuit din aportul in natura si/sau in bani al asociatilor;
g) componenta nominala a celor dintai organe de conducere, administrare si control ale asociatiei;
h) persoana sau persoanele imputernicite sa desfasoare procedura de dobandire a personalitatii juridice;
i) semnaturile asociatilor.
(3) Statutul cuprinde, sub sanctiunea nulitatii absolute:
a) elementele prevazute la alin. (2), cu exceptia celor de la lit. g) si h);
b) explicitarea scopului si a obiectivelor asociatiei;
c) modul de dobandire si de pierdere a calitatii de asociat;
d) drepturile si obligatiile asociatilor;
e) categoriile de resurse patrimoniale ale asociatiei;
f) atributiile organelor de conducere, administrare si control ale asociatiei;
g) destinatia bunurilor, in cazul dizolvarii asociatiei, cu respectarea dispozitiilor art. 60.
(4) La autentificarea actului constitutiv si a statutului asociatiei se va prezenta dovada eliberata de Ministerul Justitiei privind disponibilitatea denumirii noii asociatii.
Art. 7.
(1) Oricare dintre asociati, pe baza imputernicirii date in conditiile art. 6 alin. (2) lit. h), poate formula o cerere de inscriere a asociatiei in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor aflat la grefa judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala urmeaza sa-si aiba sediul.
(2) Cererea de inscriere va fi insotita de urmatoarele documente:
a) actul constitutiv;
b) statutul asociatiei;
c) acte doveditoare ale sediului si patrimoniului initial.
Art. 8.
(1) Asociatia devine persoana juridica din momentul inscrierii ei in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
(2) In termen de 3 zile de la depunerea cererii de inscriere si a documentelor prevazute la art. 7 alin. (2) judecatorul desemnat de presedintele instantei verifica legalitatea acestora si dispune, prin incheiere, inscrierea asociatiei in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
(3) O data cu efectuarea inscrierii, incheierea prin care s-a dispus inscrierea se comunica, din oficiu, organului financiar local in a carui raza teritoriala se afla sediul asociatiei, pentru evidenta fiscala, cu mentionarea numarului de inscriere in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
Art. 9.
(1) In cazul in care cerintele legale pentru constituirea asociatiei nu sunt indeplinite, judecatorul, la expirarea termenului prevazut de art. 8 alin. (2), va cita, in camera de consiliu, pe reprezentantul asociatiei, punandu-i in vedere, in scris, sa remedieze neregularitatile constatate pana la termenul urmator, care nu va fi mai mare de o saptamana.
(2) Daca neregularitatile constatate privesc dispozitiile art. 37 alin. (2) din Constitutie, pentru termenul fixat va fi citat si parchetul de pe langa instanta sesizata, caruia i se vor comunica, in copie, cererea de inscriere impreuna cu actul constitutiv si statutul asociatiei. In acest caz, punerea concluziilor de catre procuror este obligatorie.
Art. 10.
(1) In situatia in care, la termenul fixat, neregularitatile sunt inlaturate, judecatorul, ascultand si concluziile procurorului, daca este cazul, va lua act despre aceasta prin incheiere, dispunand inscrierea asociatiei in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
(2) In cazul in care neregularitatile nu au fost inlaturate sau, desi legal citat, reprezentantul asociatiei lipseste in mod nejustificat, judecatorul va respinge cererea de inscriere prin incheiere motivata.
(3) Incheierile prevazute in acest articol se vor pronunta in cel mult 24 de ore de la inchiderea dezbaterilor si se vor redacta in termen de cel mult 48 de ore de la pronuntare.
Art. 11.
(1) Incheierile de admitere sau de respingere a cererii de inscriere sunt supuse numai recursului.
(2) In cazul in care procurorul nu a participat la solutionarea cererii, parchetului pe de langa instanta sesizata i se vor comunica si copii de pe actul constitutiv si de pe statutul asociatiei, impreuna cu incheierea de admitere ori de respingere a cererii de inscriere, dupa caz.
(3) Termenul de recurs este de 5 zile si curge de la data pronuntarii, pentru cei care au fost prezenti, si de la data comunicarii, pentru cei care au lipsit.
(4) Recursul se solutioneaza cu citarea partilor, in camera de consiliu, de urgenta si cu precadere. Dispozitiile art. 10 alin. (3) cu privire la pronuntarea si redactarea hotararii se aplica in mod corespunzator.
Art. 12.
(1) Inscrierea in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor, in conformitate cu art. 8, se efectueaza in ziua ramanerii irevocabile a incheierii de admitere, eliberandu-se, la cerere, reprezentantului asociatiei sau mandatarului acesteia, un certificat de inscriere care va cuprinde: denumirea asociatiei, sediul acesteia, durata de functionare, numarul si data inscrierii in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
(2) In relatiile cu tertii dovada personalitatii juridice se face cu certificatul de inscriere.
Art. 13.
(1) Asociatia isi poate constitui filiale, ca structuri teritoriale, cu un numar minim de 3 membri, organe de conducere proprii si un patrimoniu distinct de cel al asociatiei.
(2) Filialele sunt entitati cu personalitate juridica, putand incheia, in nume propriu, acte juridice de administrare si de conservare, in conditiile stabilite de asociatie prin actul constitutiv al filialei. Ele pot incheia acte juridice de dispozitie, in numele si pe seama asociatiei, numai pe baza hotararii prealabile a consiliului director al asociatiei.
(3) Filiala se constituie prin hotararea autentificata a adunarii generale a asociatiei. Personalitatea juridica se dobandeste de la data inscrierii filialei in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
(4) In vederea inscrierii filialei, reprezentantul asociatiei va depune cererea de inscriere, impreuna cu hotararea de constituire a filialei si cu actele doveditoare ale sediului si patrimoniului initial, la judecatoria in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala urmeaza sa-si aiba sediul filiala. Dispozitiile art. 9-12 sunt aplicabile in mod corespunzator.
Art. 14.
Daca asociatia, prin natura scopului sau obiectivelor propuse, urmeaza sa desfasoare activitati pentru care, potrivit legii, sunt necesare autorizatii administrative prealabile, aceste activitati nu vor putea fi initiate, sub sanctiunea dizolvarii pe cale judecatoreasca, decat dupa obtinerea autorizatiilor respective.
SECTIUNEA A 2-A
CONSTITUIREA SI INSCRIEREA FUNDATIEI
Art. 15.
(1) Fundatia este subiectul de drept infiintat de una sau mai multe persoane care, pe baza unui act juridic intre vii ori pentru cauza de moarte, constituie un patrimoniu afectat, in mod permanent si irevocabil, realizarii unui scop de interes general sau, dupa caz, comunitar.
(2) Activul patrimonial initial al fundatiei trebuie sa includa bunuri in natura sau in numerar, a caror valoare totala sa fie de cel putin 100 de ori salariul minim brut pe economie, la data constituirii fundatiei.
(3) Prin derogare de la prevederile alin. (2), in cazul fundatiilor al caror scop exclusiv, sub sanctiunea dizolvarii pe cale judecatoreasca, este efectuarea operatiunilor de colectare de fonduri care sa fie puse la dispozitia altor asociatii sau fundatii, in vederea realizarii de programe de catre acestea din urma, activul patrimonial initial poate avea o valoare totala de cel putin 20 de ori salariul minim brut pe economie.
Art. 16.
(1) In vederea dobandirii personalitatii juridice, fondatorul sau, dupa caz, fondatorii incheie actul constitutiv si statutul fundatiei, in forma autentica, sub sanctiunea nulitatii absolute.
(2) Actul constitutiv al fundatiei cuprinde, sub sanctiunea nulitatii absolute:
a) datele de identificare a fondatorului sau, dupa caz, a fondatorilor: numele sau denumirea si, dupa caz, domiciliul sau sediul acestora;
b) scopul fundatiei;
c) denumirea fundatiei;
d) sediul fundatiei;
e) durata de functionare a fundatiei - pe termen determinat, cu indicarea expresa a termenului sau, dupa caz, pe termen nedeterminat;
f) patrimoniul initial al fundatiei;
g) componenta nominala a celor dintai organe de conducere, administrare si control ale fundatiei ori regulile pentru desemnarea membrilor acestor organe;
h) persoana sau persoanele imputernicite sa desfasoare procedura de dobandire a personalitatii juridice;
i) semnaturile fondatorului sau, dupa caz, ale fondatorilor.
(3) Statutul cuprinde, sub sanctiunea nulitatii absolute:
a) elementele prevazute la alin. (2), cu exceptia celor de la lit. g) si h);
b) explicitarea scopului si a obiectivelor fundatiei;
c) categoriile de resurse patrimoniale ale fundatiei;
d) atributiile organelor de conducere, administrare si control ale fundatiei;
e) procedura de desemnare si de modificare a componentei organelor de conducere, administrare si control, pe parcursul existentei fundatiei;
f) destinatia bunurilor, in cazul dizolvarii fundatiei, cu respectarea dispozitiilor art. 60.
Art. 17.
(1) Fundatia dobandeste personalitate juridica prin inscrierea sa in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor aflat la grefa judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala isi are sediul.
(2) Cererea de inscriere va fi insotita de urmatoarele documente:
a) actul constituiv;
b) statutul;
c) acte doveditoare ale sediului si patrimoniului initial.
(3) Dispozitiile art. 6 alin. (4), art. 7 alin. (1), art. 8-12 si art. 14 se aplica in mod corespunzator.
Art. 18.
(1) Fundatia isi poate constitui filiale, ca structuri teritoriale, pe baza hotararii autentificate a consiliului director, prin care le este alocat cate un patrimoniu.
(2) Filiala este condusa de un consiliu director propriu, alcatuit din cel putin 3 membri.
(3) Dispozitiile art. 13 alin. (2) si (4) se aplica in mod corespunzator.
Art. 19.
(1) Mostenitorii si creditorii personali ai fondatorilor au fata de fundatie aceleasi drepturi ca si in cazul oricarei alte liberalitati facute de fondator.
(2) Dupa inscrierea fundatiei in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor, nici fondatorii si nici mostenitorii lor nu pot revoca actul constitutiv. De asemenea, dupa inscriere, actul constitutiv nu mai poate fi atacat nici de catre creditorii personali ai fondatorilor.
(3) Daca fundatia dobandeste personalitate juridica dupa decesul fondatorului, efectele liberalitatilor facute de acesta in favoarea fundatiei, anterior constituirii ei, se vor produce de la data actului constitutiv, pentru fundatiile infiintate prin acte intre vii, si de la data mortii testatorului, pentru fundatiile infiintate prin testament.
CAPITOLUL III
ORGANIZAREA SI FUNCTIONAREA ASOCIATIILOR SI A FUNDATIILOR
SECTIUNEA 1
ORGANIZAREA SI FUNCTIONAREA ASOCIATIEI
Art. 20.
Organele asociatiei sunt:
a) adunarea generala;
b) consiliul director;
c) cenzorul sau, dupa caz, comisia de cenzori.
Art. 21.
(1) Adunarea generala este organul de conducere, alcatuit din totalitatea asociatilor.
(2) Competenta adunarii generale cuprinde:
a) stabilirea strategiei si a obiectivelor generale ale asociatiei;
b) aprobarea bugetului de venituri si cheltuieli si a bilantului contabil;
c) alegerea si revocarea membrilor consiliului director;
d) alegerea si revocarea cenzorului sau, dupa caz, a membrilor comisiei de cenzori;
e) infiintarea de filiale;
f) modificarea actului constitutiv si a statutului;
g) dizolvarea si lichidarea asociatiei, precum si stabilirea destinatiei bunurilor ramase dupa lichidare;
h) orice alte atributii prevazute in lege sau in statut.
(3) Schimbarea sediului poate fi hotarata de catre consiliul director, daca aceasta atributie este prevazuta expres in statut.
(4) Adunarea generala se intruneste cel putin o data pe an si are drept de control permanent asupra organelor prevazute la art. 20 lit. b) si c).
(5) Regulile privind organizarea si functionarea adunarii generale se stabilesc prin statut.
Art. 22.
(1) Asociatul care, intr-o anumita problema supusa hotararii adunarii generale, este interesat personal sau prin sotul sau, ascendentii sau descendentii sai, rudele in linie colaterala sau afinii sai pana la gradul al patrulea inclusiv nu va putea lua parte la deliberare si nici la vot.
(2) Asociatul care incalca dispozitiile alin. (1) este raspunzator de daunele cauzate asociatiei daca fara votul sau nu s-ar fi putut obtine majoritatea ceruta.
Art. 23.
(1) Hotararile luate de adunarea generala, in limitele legii, ale actului constitutiv si/sau ale statutului sunt obligatorii chiar si pentru asociatii care nu au luat parte la adunarea generala sau au votat impotriva.
(2) Hotararile adunarii generale, contrare legii, actului constitutiv sau dispozitiilor cuprinse in statut, pot fi atacate in justitie de catre oricare dintre asociatii care nu au luat parte la adunarea generala sau care au votat impotriva si au cerut sa se insereze aceasta in procesul-verbal de sedinta, in termen de 15 zile de la data cand au luat cunostinta despre hotarare sau de la data cand a avut loc sedinta, dupa caz.
(3) Cererea de anulare se solutioneaza in camera de consiliu de catre judecatoria in circumscriptia careia asociatia isi are sediul. Hotararea instantei este supusa numai recursului.
Art. 24.
(1) Consiliul director asigura punerea in executare a hotararilor adunarii generale. El poate fi alcatuit si din persoane din afara asociatiei, in limita a cel mult o patrime din componenta sa.
(2) In exercitarea competentei sale, consiliul director:
a) prezinta adunarii generale raportul de activitate pe perioada anterioara, executarea bugetului de venituri si cheltuieli, bilantul contabil, proiectul bugetului de venituri si cheltuieli si proiectul programelor asociatiei;
b) incheie acte juridice in numele si pe seama asociatiei;
c) aproba organigrama si politica de personal ale asociatiei, daca prin statut nu se prevede altfel;
d) indeplineste orice alte atributii prevazute in statut sau stabilite de adunarea generala.
(3) Regulile generale privind organizarea si functionarea consiliului director se stabilesc prin statut. Consiliul director isi poate elabora un regulament intern de functionare.
(4) Nu poate fi membru al consiliului director, iar daca era, pierde aceasta calitate orice persoana care ocupa o functie de conducere in cadrul unei institutii publice, daca asociatia respectiva are ca scop sprijinirea activitatii acelei institutii publice.
Art. 25.
Dispozitiile art. 22 se aplica in mod corespunzator si membrilor consiliului director. Deciziile consiliului director, contrare legii, actului constitutiv sau statutului asociatiei pot fi atacate in justitie, in conditiile prevazute la art. 23.
Art. 26.
Consiliul director poate imputernici una sau mai multe persoane cu functii executive, inclusiv persoane care nu au calitatea de asociat ori sunt straine de asociatie, pentru a exercita atributiile prevazute la art. 24 alin. (2) lit. b) si d).
Art. 27.
(1) Controlul financiar intern al asociatiei este asigurat de un cenzor.
(2) Pentru asociatiile cu mai mult de 100 de membri inscrisi pana la data intrunirii ultimei adunari generale, controlul financiar intern se exercita de catre o comisie de cenzori.
(3) In realizarea competentei sale cenzorul sau, dupa caz, comisia de cenzori:
a) verifica modul in care este administrat patrimoniul asociatiei;
b) intocmeste rapoarte si le prezinta adunarii generale;
c) poate participa la sedintele consiliului director fara drept de vot;
d) indeplineste orice alte atributii prevazute in statut sau stabilite de adunarea generala.
(4) Comisia de cenzori este alcatuita dintr-un numar impar de membri, din care majoritatea este formata din asociati. Membrii consiliului director nu pot fi cenzori.
(5) Regulile generale de organizare si functionare ale comisiei de cenzori se aproba de adunarea generala. Comisia de cenzori isi poate elabora un regulament intern de functionare.
SECTIUNEA A 2-A
ORGANIZAREA SI FUNCTIONAREA FUNDATIEI
Art. 28.
Organele fundatiei sunt:
a) consiliul director;
b) cenzorul sau, dupa caz, comisia de cenzori.
Art. 29.
(1) Consiliul director al fundatiei este organul de conducere si de administrare al acesteia.
(2) Consiliul director asigura realizarea scopului si obiectivelor fundatiei, exercitand urmatoarele atributii:
a) stabilirea strategiei generale si a programelor fundatiei;
b) aprobarea bugetului de venituri si cheltuieli si a bilantului contabil;
c) alegerea si revocarea cenzorului sau, dupa caz, a membrilor comisiei de cenzori;
d) infiintarea de filiale;
e) incheierea de acte juridice, in numele si pe seama fundatiei;
f) executarea bugetului de venituri si cheltuieli;
g) aprobarea organigramei si a strategiei de personal ale fundatiei;
h) modificarea statutului fundatiei;
i) indeplinirea oricaror alte atributii prevazute in lege sau in statut.
(3) Regulile generale privind organizarea si functionarea consiliului director se stabilesc prin statut.
Consiliul director isi poate elabora un regulament intern de functionare.
(4) Dispozitiile art. 22 si 24 alin. (4) se aplica in mod corespunzator si in ceea ce priveste membrii consiliului director.
Deciziile contrare legii, actului constitutiv sau statutului fundatiei pot fi atacate in justitie, in conditiile prevazute la art. 23, de fondator sau de oricare dintre membrii consiliului director care a lipsit sau a votat impotriva si a cerut sa se insereze aceasta in procesul-verbal de sedinta.
(5) Schimbarea scopului fundatiei se face numai de catre fondator sau de majoritatea fondatorilor in viata. Daca nici unul dintre fondatori nu mai este in viata, schimbarea scopului fundatiei se face numai cu intrunirea votului a patru cincimi din numarul membrilor consiliului director.
(6) In toate cazurile, schimbarea scopului fundatiei se poate face numai daca acesta a fost realizat in totalitate sau in parte ori daca acesta nu mai poate fi indeplinit.
(7) Prevederile art. 26 se aplica in mod corespunzator in privinta atributiilor prevazute la alin. (2) lit. e) si i).
Art. 30.
(1) Consiliul director se compune din cel putin 3 membri desemnati de fondator sau, dupa caz, de fondatori, la momentul constituirii fundatiei.
(2) In cazul in care, pe parcursul functionarii fundatiei, componenta consiliului director nu se poate modifica in conditiile stabilite de statut, instanta prevazuta la art. 17 va desemna, pe cale de ordonanta presedintiala, la cererea oricarei persoane interesate, persoanele care vor intra in componenta consiliului director.
Art. 31.
(1) Comisia de cenzori este alcatuita dintr-un numar impar de membri. (2) Dispozitiile art. 27 se aplica in mod corespunzator.
Art. 32.
In cazul in care actul constitutiv nu cuprinde componenta nominala a celor dintai organe ale fundatiei, ci numai regulile stabilite de fondatori pentru desemnarea membrilor acestora si daca nici unul dintre fondatori nu mai este in viata la data constituirii fundatiei, dispozitiile art. 30 alin. (2) se aplica in mod corespunzator.
CAPITOLUL IV
MODIFICAREA ACTULUI CONSTITUTIV SI A STATUTULUI ASOCIATIEI SAU FUNDATIEI
Art. 33.
(1) Modificarea actului constitutiv si/sau a statutului asociatiei se face prin inscrierea modificarii in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor aflat la grefa judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala isi are sediul asociatia, cu aplicarea corespunzatoare a prevederilor art. 8-12.
(2) Cererea de inscriere a modificarii va fi insotita de procesul-verbal al adunarii generale, in forma autentificata, iar in cazul modificarii sediului, de procesul-verbal al sedintei consiliului director, in forma autentificata, in situatia prevazuta la art. 21 alin. (3).
(3) Demersurile pentru autentificarea procesului-verbal si inscrierea modificarii se intreprind de consiliul director. Pentru efectuarea formalitatilor la notarul public nu este necesara prezenta altor persoane decat aceea a membrilor consiliului director sau a unora dintre ei, desemnati de adunarea generala ori de consiliul director, dupa caz.
(4) Mentiunea privitoare la schimbarea sediului se va opera, daca este cazul, atat in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor de la grefa judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie se afla vechiul sediu, cat si in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor aflat la grefa judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie se afla noul sediu. In acest scop, o copie de pe incheierea prin care s-a dispus schimbarea sediului va fi comunicata, din oficiu, judecatoriei in circumscriptia careia asociatia urmeaza sa-si aiba noul sediu.
Art. 34.
Dispozitiile art. 33 se aplica in mod corespunzator in cazul modificarii actului constitutiv si/sau a statutului fundatiei.
CAPITOLUL V
FEDERATIA
Art. 35.
(1) Doua sau mai multe asociatii sau fundatii se pot constitui in federatie.
(2) Federatiile dobandesc personalitate juridica proprie si functioneaza in conditiile prevazute de prezenta ordonanta pentru asociatiile fara scop patrimonial, conditii care li se aplica in mod corespunzator, cu exceptiile stabilite in prezentul capitol.
(3) Cererea de inscriere se solutioneaza de tribunalul in circumscriptia caruia federatia urmeaza sa isi aiba sediul.
Art. 36.
(1) Federatia devine persoana juridica din momentul inscrierii sale in Registrul federatiilor aflat la grefa tribunalului prevazut la art. 35 alin. (3).
(2) Asociatiile sau fundatiile care constituie o federatie isi pastreaza propria personalitate juridica, inclusiv propriul patrimoniu.
Art. 37.
In cazul dizolvarii federatiilor, daca nu se prevede altfel in statut, bunurile ramase in urma lichidarii se transmit, in cote egale, catre persoanele juridice constituente.
CAPITOLUL VI
ASOCIATIILE SI FUNDATIILE RECUNOSCUTE CA FIIND DE UTILITATE PUBLICA
Art. 38.
(1) O asociatie sau o fundatie poate fi recunoscuta de Guvernul Romaniei ca fiind de utilitate publica daca sunt intrunite cumulativ urmatoarele conditii:
a) activitatea acesteia se desfasoara in interes general sau comunitar, dupa caz;
b) functioneaza de cel putin 3 ani si a realizat o parte din obiectivele stabilite;
c) prezinta un raport din care sa rezulte desfasurarea unei activitati anterioare semnificative, prin derularea unor programe ori proiecte specifice scopului sau, insotit de bilanturile si bugetele de venituri si cheltuieli pe ultimii 3 ani;
d) valoarea activului patrimonial pe fiecare an in parte este cel putin egala cu valoarea patrimoniului initial.
(2) Guvernul Romaniei poate, la propunerea autoritatii administrative competente, sa acorde o dispensa de la indeplinirea conditiilor prevazute la alin. (1) lit. a) si b) daca:
a) asociatia sau fundatia solicitanta a rezultat din fuziunea a doua sau mai multe asociatii sau fundatii preexistente; si,
b) fiecare dintre asociatiile sau fundatiile preexistente ar fi indeplinit cele doua conditii, daca ar fi formulat solicitarea in mod independent.
Art. 39.
(1) Recunoasterea unei asociatii sau a unei fundatii de utilitate publica se face prin hotarare a Guvernului. In acest scop, asociatia sau fundatia interesata adreseaza o cerere ministerului sau organului de specialitate al administratiei publice centrale in a carui sfera de competenta isi desfasoara activitatea.
(2) Conflictele de competenta aparute intre autoritatile publice prevazute la alin. (1) privind inregistrarea cererii se solutioneaza, la sesizarea oricareia dintre parti, de catre Secretariatul General al Guvernului, in termen de 5 zile de la data inregistrarii sesizarii.
(3) In vederea solutionarii conflictului, autoritatile publice prevazute la alin. (1) sunt obligate sa puna la dispozitie Secretariatului General al Guvernului toate informatiile necesare rezolvarii acestuia. Ordinul secretarului general al Guvernului este definitiv.
Art. 40.
(1) Autoritatea administrativa competenta este obligata sa examineze cererea si indeplinirea conditiilor prevazute la art. 38 in termen de cel mult 60 de zile. In cazul in care constata indeplinirea acestor conditii, aceasta va propune Guvernului Romaniei recunoasterea. In caz contrar, autoritatea administrativa va transmite persoanei juridice solicitante un raspuns motivat.
(2) In cel mult 90 de zile de la data depunerii cererii prevazute la alin. (1), Guvernul Romaniei decide asupra propunerii de recunoastere. Daca propunerea se respinge, solutia va fi comunicata asociatiei sau fundatiei de autoritatea administrativa la care s-a inregistrat cererea de recunoastere.
Art. 41.
Recunoasterea utilitatii publice confera asociatiei sau fundatiei urmatoarele drepturi si obligatii:
a) dreptul de a i se concesiona servicii publice fara caracter comercial, in conditiile legii;
b) dreptul preferential la resurse provenite din bugetul de stat si din bugetele locale;
c) dreptul de a mentiona in toate documentele pe care le intocmeste ca asociatia sau fundatia este recunoscuta ca fiind de utilitate publica;
d) obligatia de a mentine cel putin nivelul activitatii si performantele care au determinat recunoasterea;
e) obligatia de a comunica autoritatii administrative competente orice modificari ale actului constitutiv si ale statutului, precum si rapoartele de activitate si bilanturile anuale; autoritatea administrativa are obligatia sa asigure consultarea acestor documente de catre orice persoana interesata;
f) obligatia de a publica, in extras, rapoartele de activitate si bilanturile anuale in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea a IV-a, precum si in Registrul national al persoanelor juridice fara scop patrimonial.
Art. 42.
(1) Recunoasterea utilitatii publice se face pe durata nedeterminata.
(2) In cazul in care asociatia sau fundatia nu mai indeplineste una sau mai multe dintre conditiile care au stat la baza recunoasterii utilitatii publice, Guvernul, la propunerea autoritatii administrative competente sau a Ministerului Justitiei, va retrage actul de recunoastere.
(3) Retragerea va interveni si in situatia neindeplinirii obligatiilor prevazute la art. 41.
(4) Imprejurarile prevazute la alin. (2) si (3) pot fi sesizate autoritatii administrative competente, Ministerului Justitiei sau Guvernului, de catre orice alta asociatie sau fundatie ori de catre orice autoritate sau institutie publica interesata.
Art. 43.
In cazul dizolvarii asociatiei sau fundatiei recunoscute ca fiind de utilitate publica, bunurile ramase in urma lichidarii se vor repartiza, prin hotarare a Guvernului, catre alte asociatii ori fundatii cu scop similar sau catre institutii publice.
Art. 44.
Litigiile referitoare la recunoasterea utilitatii publice a asociatiilor si fundatiilor interesate se solutioneaza potrivit Legii contenciosului administrativ nr. 29/1990, cu modificarile ulterioare.
Art. 45.
Dispozitiile prezentului capitol nu se aplica federatiilor, daca prin lege nu se dispune altfel.
CAPITOLUL VII
VENITURILE
Art. 46.
(1) Veniturile asociatiilor sau federatiilor provin din:
a) cotizatiile membrilor;
b) dobanzile si dividendele rezultate din plasarea sumelor disponibile, in conditii legale;
c) dividendele societatilor comerciale infiintate de asociatii sau de federatii;
d) venituri realizate din activitati economice directe;
e) donatii, sponsorizari sau legate;
f) resurse obtinute de la bugetul de stat si/sau de la bugetele locale;
g) alte venituri prevazute de lege.
(2) Veniturile fundatiilor sunt cele prevazute la alin. (1) lit. b)-g).
Art. 47.
Asociatiile si fundatiile pot infiinta societati comerciale. Dividendele obtinute de asociatii si fundatii din activitatile acestor societati comerciale, daca nu se reinvestesc in aceleasi societati comerciale, se folosesc obligatoriu pentru realizarea scopului asociatiei sau fundatiei.
Art. 48.
Asociatiile si fundatiile pot desfasura orice alte activitati economice directe, daca acestea au caracter accesoriu si sunt in stransa legatura cu scopul principal al persoanei juridice.
CAPITOLUL VIII
Relatiile Cu Autoritatile Publice
Art. 49.
(1) Autoritatile administratiei publice locale vor sprijini persoanele juridice constituite in temeiul prezentei ordonante prin:
a) punerea la dispozitia acestora, in functie de posibilitati, a unor spatii pentru sedii, in conditiile legii;
b) atribuirea, in functie de posibilitati, a unor terenuri in scopul ridicarii de constructii necesare desfasurarii activitatii lor.
(2) Autoritatile administratiei publice locale intocmesc, la cererea persoanelor juridice indreptatite, liste de prioritate pentru atribuirea imobilelor prevazute la alin. (1).
Art. 50.
Autoritatile publice sunt obligate sa puna la dispozitia asociatiilor, fundatiilor si federatiilor informatiile de interes public, in conditiile legii.
Art. 51.
(1) In cadrul Camerelor Parlamentului, Presedintiei Romaniei, Secretariatului General al Guvernului, institutiei Avocatul Poporului, autoritatilor administrative autonome, ministerelor, al celorlalte organe de specialitate ale administratiei publice centrale si autoritatilor administratiei publice locale functioneaza structuri organizatorice pentru relatia cu asociatiile si fundatiile.
(2) Autoritatile publice mentionate la alin. (1) se pot consulta cu reprezentantii asociatiilor si fundatiilor care isi desfasoara activitatea in sfera lor de competenta, in vederea stabilirii unor programe sau activitati comune.
Art. 52.
(1) Dupa constituirea lor, asociatiile, fundatiile si federatiile interesate vor solicita autoritatilor administrative autonome, ministerelor, celorlalte organe de specialitate ale administratiei publice centrale si autoritatilor administratiei publice locale sa fie luate in evidenta acestora, in functie de domeniul in care activeaza.
(2) Autoritatile publice prevazute la alin. (1) sunt obligate sa tina evidenta asociatiilor si fundatiilor care li s-au adresat in acest scop.
(3) Conflictele de competenta aparute intre autoritatile publice prevazute la alin. (1) privind luarea in evidenta se solutioneaza, la cererea oricareia dintre parti, de catre Secretariatul General al Guvernului in termen de 5 zile de la data sesizarii.
Dispozitiile art. 39 alin. (3) se aplica in mod corespunzator.
(4) In toate cazurile, Ministerul Justitiei va comunica, spre informare, autoritatiilor publice competente prevazute la alin. (1) copii de pe hotararile judecatoresti ramase irevocabile, precum si de pe inscrisurile doveditoare, in termen de 5 zile de la primirea documentelor prevazute la art. 74.
Art. 53.
Litigiile nascute in legatura cu aplicarea dispozitiilor prezentului capitol se solutioneaza in conformitate cu Legea contenciosului administrativ nr. 29/1990, cu modificarile ulterioare.
CAPITOLUL IX
DIZOLVAREA SI LICHIDAREA
SECTIUNEA 1
DIZOLVAREA
Art. 54.
(1) Asociatiile si federatiile se dizolva:
a) de drept;
b) prin hotararea judecatoriei sau a tribunalului, dupa caz;
c) prin hotararea adunarii generale.
(2) Fundatiile se dizolva:
a) de drept;
b) prin hotararea judecatoriei.
Art. 55.
(1) Asociatia se dizolva de drept prin:
a) implinirea duratei pentru care a fost constituita;
b) realizarea sau, dupa caz, imposibilitatea realizarii scopului pentru care a fost constituita, daca in termen de 3 luni de la constatarea unui astfel de fapt nu se produce schimbarea acestui scop;
c) imposibilitatea constituirii adunarii generale sau a constituirii consiliului director in conformitate cu statutul asociatiei, daca aceasta situatie dureaza mai mult de un an de la data la care, potrivit statutului, adunarea generala sau, dupa caz, consiliul director trebuia constituit;
d) reducerea numarului de asociati sub limita fixata de lege, daca acesta nu a fost complinit timp de 3 luni.
(2) Constatarea dizolvarii se realizeaza prin hotararea judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie se afla sediul asociatiei, la cererea oricarei persoane interesate.
Art. 56.
(1) Asociatia se dizolva, prin hotarare judecatoreasca, la cererea oricarei persoane interesate:
a) cand scopul sau activitatea asociatiei a devenit ilicita sau contrara ordinii publice;
b) cand realizarea scopului este urmarita prin mijloace ilicite sau contrare ordinii publice;
c) cand asociatia urmareste un alt scop decat cel pentru care s-a constituit;
d) cand asociatia a devenit insolvabila;
e) in cazul prevazut la art. 14.
(2) Instanta competenta este judecatoria in circumscriptia careia asociatia isi are sediul.
Art. 57.
Asociatia se poate dizolva si prin hotararea adunarii generale. In termen de 15 zile de la data sedintei de dizolvare, procesul-verbal, in forma autentica, se depune la judecatoria in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala isi are sediul, pentru a fi inscris in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
Art. 58.
Fundatia se dizolva de drept in cazurile prevazute la art. 55 alin. (1) lit. a) si b), precum si in situatia imposibilitatii constituirii consiliului director in conformitate cu statutul fundatiei, daca aceasta situatie dureaza mai mult de un an de la data la care, potrivit statutului, consiliul director trebuia constituit. Dispozitiile art. 55 alin. (2) se aplica in mod corespunzator.
Art. 59.
Dizolvarea fundatiei prin hotarare judecatoreasca se face in conditiile art. 56, care se aplica in mod corespunzator, precum si in cazul nerespectarii dispozitiilor art. 15 alin. (3).
Art. 60.
(1) In cazul dizolvarii asociatiei sau fundatiei, bunurile ramase in urma lichidarii nu se pot transmite catre persoane fizice.
(2) Aceste bunuri pot fi transmise catre persoane juridice de drept privat sau de drept public cu scop identic sau asemanator, printr-o procedura stabilita in statutul asociatiei sau al fundatiei.
(3) Daca in termen de 6 luni de la terminarea lichidarii lichidatorii nu au reusit sa transmita bunurile in conditiile alin. (2), precum si in cazul in care statutul asociatiei sau al fundatiei nu prevede o procedura de transmitere a bunurilor ori daca prevederea este contrara legii sau ordinii publice, bunurile ramase dupa lichidare vor fi atribuite de instanta competenta unei persoane juridice cu scop identic sau asemanator.
(4) In cazul in care asociatia sau fundatia a fost dizolvata pentru motivele prevazute la art. 56 alin. (1) lit. a) - c), bunurile ramase dupa lichidare vor fi preluate de catre stat, prin Ministerul Finantelor, sau, dupa caz, de comuna sau orasul in a carui raza teritoriala asociatia sau fundatia isi avea sediul, daca aceasta din urma era de interes local.
(5) Data transmiterii bunurilor este cea a intocmirii procesului-verbal de predare-preluare, daca prin acesta nu s-a stabilit o data ulterioara.
SECTIUNEA A 2-A
LICHIDAREA
Art. 61.
(1) In cazurile de dizolvare prevazute de art. 55, 56, 58 si 59, lichidatorii vor fi numiti prin insasi hotararea judecatoreasca.
(2) In cazul dizolvarii prevazute de art. 57, lichidatorii vor fi numiti de catre adunarea generala, sub sanctiunea lipsirii de efecte juridice a hotararii de dizolvare.
(3) In toate cazurile, mandatul consiliului director inceteaza o data cu numirea lichidatorilor.
(4) Lichidatorii vor putea fi persoane fizice sau persoane juridice. Reprezentantii permanenti - persoane fizice ale persoanei juridice lichidatoare - trebuie sa fie lichidatori autorizati, in conditiile legii.
Art. 62.
(1) Imediat dupa intrarea lor in functie, lichidatorii vor face inventarul si vor incheia un bilant care sa constate situatia exacta a activului si pasivului asociatiei sau ale fundatiei.
(2) Lichidatorii sunt obligati sa primeasca si sa pastreze registrele si orice alte acte ale asociatiei sau fundatiei. De asemenea, ei vor tine un registru cu toate operatiunile lichidarii in ordinea datei acestora.
(3) Lichidatorii isi indeplinesc mandatul sub controlul cenzorilor.
Art. 63.
(1) Lichidatorii sunt obligati sa continue operatiunile juridice in curs, sa incaseze creantele, sa plateasca creditorii si, daca numerarul este insuficient, sa transforme si restul activului in bani, procedand la vanzarea prin licitatie publica a bunurilor mobile si imobile.
(2) Lichidatorii pot realiza numai acele operatiuni noi care sunt necesare finalizarii celor aflate in curs.
Art. 64.
(1) Suma cuvenita creditorului cunoscut care refuza sa primeasca plata creantei sale se va consemna in contul sau.
(2) Daca plata creantei nu se poate face imediat sau atunci cand creanta este contestata, lichidarea nu se va declara terminata inainte de a se garanta creditorii.
Art. 65.
In orice caz, lichidatorii nu pot incheia operatiunile si nu pot remite celor in drept contul gestiunii decat dupa expirarea unui termen de 6 luni de la publicarea dizolvarii asociatiei sau fundatiei.
Art. 66.
Lichidatorii raspund solidar pentru daunele cauzate creditorilor din culpa lor.
Art. 67.
Atat fata de asociatie sau fundatie, cat si fata de asociati sau, dupa caz, fondatori, lichidatorii sunt supusi regulilor mandatului.
Art. 68.
(1) Dupa terminarea lichidarii, lichidatorii sunt obligati ca in temen de doua luni sa depuna bilantul, registrul jurnal si un memorandum, declarand operatiunile de lichidare la Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor al judecatoriei in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala isi are sediul asociatia sau fundatia.
(2) Lichidatorii sunt obligati sa indeplineasca toate procedurile pentru publicarea lichidarii si radierea asociatiei sau fundatiei din Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
(3) Publicarea lichidarii se face prin afisarea la usa instantei in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala isi are sediul persoana juridica, in temen de doua luni de la terminarea lichidarii.
Art. 69.
Daca in termen de 30 de zile libere de la depunerea bilantului nu se inregistreaza nici o contestatie, bilantul se considera definitiv aprobat si lichidatorii, cu autorizarea judecatoriei, vor remite celor in drept bunurile si sumele ramase de la lichidare, impreuna cu toate registrele si actele asociatiei sau fundatiei si ale lichidarii. Numai dupa aceasta lichidatorii vor fi considerati descarcati si li se va elibera, in acest scop, un act constatator.
Art. 70.
(1) Contestatiile la bilantul lichidatorilor se pot formula de orice persoana interesata la judecatoria in a carei circumscriptie teritoriala se afla sediul persoanei juridice lichidate.
(2) Toate contestatiile se solutioneaza printr-o singura hotarare. Sentinta pronuntata de judecatorie este executorie si este supusa numai recursului.
(3) Dupa terminarea lichidarii, lichidatorii trebuie sa ceara radierea asociatiei sau fundatiei din Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
Art. 71.
(1) Asociatia sau fundatia inceteaza a avea fiinta la data radierii din Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor.
(2) Radierea se face in baza actului constatator eliberat lichidatorilor, in conditiile prevazute la art. 69, prin care se atesta descarcarea acestora de obligatiile asumate.
Art. 72.
Dispozitiile prezentului capitol referitoare la dizolvarea si lichidarea asociatiilor si fundatiilor se aplica, in mod corespunzator, si in privinta dizolvarii si lichidarii federatiilor. Instanta competenta este tribunalul in a carui circumscriptie teritoriala se afla sediul federatiei supuse dizolvarii si lichidarii.
CAPITOLUL X
REGISTRUL NATIONAL AL PERSOANELOR JURIDICE FARA SCOP PATRIMONIAL
Art. 73.
(1) Se constituie Registrul national al persoanelor juridice fara scop patrimonial - asociatii, fundatii si federatii -, denumit in continuare Registrul national, in scopul evidentei centralizate a acestora.
(2) Registrul national se tine de Ministerul Justitiei prin directia de specialitate.
Art. 74.
(1) In scopul constituirii si functionarii Registrului national, instantele judecatoresti sunt obligate ca, din oficiu, sa comunice Ministerului Justitiei copii de pe hotararile judecatoresti ramase irevocabile privind constituirea, modificarea si incetarea oricarei asociatii, fundatii sau federatii, precum si de pe inscrisurile doveditoare, in termen de 3 zile de la data ramanerii irevocabile a fiecarei hotarari judecatoresti.
(2) Asociatiile si fundatiile recunoscute ca fiind de utilitate publica sunt obligate sa comunice Ministerului Justitiei, in extras, copii de pe rapoartele de activitate si bilanturile anuale, insotite de dovada eliberata de Regia Autonoma "Monitorul Oficial" ca s-a solicitat publicarea acestora si in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea a IV-a.
Art. 75.
(1) Registrul national al persoanelor juridice fara scop patrimonial este public.
(2) Ministerul Justitiei este obligat sa elibereze, pe cheltuiala persoanei solicitante, copii certificate de pe inregistrarile efectuate in Registrul national si de pe inscrisurile doveditoare.
(3) Inscrisurile prevazute la alin. (2) pot fi cerute si eliberate si prin corespondenta.
(4) Datele din Registrul national pot fi redate si arhivate si sub forma de inregistrari pe microfilme si pe suporturi accesibile echipamentelor de prelucrare automata a datelor.
CAPITOLUL XI
DISPOZITII SPECIALE
Art. 76.
(1) Persoanele juridice straine fara scop patrimonial pot fi recunoscute in Romania, sub conditia reciprocitatii, pe baza aprobarii prealabile a Guvernului, prin inscrierea in Registrul asociatiilor si fundatiilor de la grefa Tribunalului Bucuresti, daca sunt valabil constituite in statul a carui nationalitate o au, iar scopurile lor statutare nu contravin ordinii publice din Romania.
(2) In acest scop, reprezentantii persoanelor juridice straine trebuie sa ataseze la cererea de inscriere urmatoarele documente, in copii autentificate si traduceri legalizate:
a) actul de constituire in statul a carui nationalitate o au persoanele juridice straine;
b) statutul (in masura in care exista ca act de sine statator);
c) hotararea organului de conducere a acelei persoane juridice, prin care se solicita recunoasterea in Romania;
d) statutul viitoarei reprezentante in Romania a acelei persoane juridice, cuprinzand prevederi referitoare la sediu, la capacitatea juridica si la persoanele care reprezinta persoana juridica straina;
e) hotararea Guvernului Romaniei de aprobare a cererii de recunoastere in Romania a persoanei juridice solicitante.
(3) Dispozitiile art. 8-12 si ale art. 81 se aplica in mod corespunzator.
Art. 77.
(1) Asociatiile si fundatiile constituite ca persoane juridice romane de catre persoane fizice sau juridice straine pot dobandi pe intreaga durata de functionare dreptul de proprietate si orice alte drepturi reale asupra terenurilor necesare pentru realizarea scopului pentru care au fost constituite.
(2) In cazul dizolvarii si lichidarii asociatiilor si fundatiilor prevazute la alin. (1), lichidatorii au obligatia instrainarii terenurilor in termen de cel mult un an, numai catre persoane care au capacitatea juridica de a dobandi astfel de bunuri. Termenul de un an se calculeaza de la data ramanerii irevocabile a hotararii judecatoresti prin care se constata ori se dispune dizolvarea sau, dupa caz, de la data hotararii de dizolvare voluntara.
(3) In cazul nerespectarii termenului de un an pentru instrainarea terenurilor prevazute la alin. (2), instanta competenta va dispune vanzarea acestora prin licitatie publica.
(4) In toate cazurile, bunurile ramase dupa lichidare, inclusiv terenurile neinstrainate in conditiile alin. (2) si (3) se atribuie cu respectarea dispozitiilor art. 60.
CAPITOLUL XII
DISPOZITII TRANZITORII SI FINALE
Art. 78.
Prezenta ordonanta intra in vigoare in termen de 3 luni de la data publicarii in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I.
Art. 79.
In termenul prevazut la art. 78 Ministerul Justitiei:
a) va elabora si va adopta Regulamentul privind organizarea Registrului asociatiilor si fundatiilor, Registrului federatiilor, precum si a Registrului national al persoanelor juridice fara scop patrimonial, care va cuprinde si prevederi privind accesul la acest registru al persoanelor juridice de drept public, al persoanelor juridice de drept privat, precum si al persoanelor fizice;
b) va stabili forma si continutul certificatelor de inscriere prevazute la art. 12 alin. (1) si la art. 17 alin. (3), precum si conditiile de eliberare a dovezii mentionate la art. 6 alin. (4).
Art. 80.
Dispozitiile Decretului nr.31/1954 privind persoanele fizice si persoanele juridice se aplica, in mod corespunzator, si asociatiilor si fundatiilor, cu exceptia acelor dispozitii care sunt contrare reglementarilor stabilite prin prezenta ordonanta.
Art. 81.
In privinta asociatiilor si fundatiilor care au calitatea de persoane juridice straine sunt si raman aplicabile dispozitiile art. 43 si urmatoarele din Legea nr. 105/1992 cu privire la reglementarea raporturilor de drept international privat.
Art. 82.
Cererile de autorizare a infiintarii asociatiilor, fundatiilor, federatiilor sau uniunilor de persoane, aflate in curs de solutionare pe rolul instantelor de judecata legal investite la data intrarii in vigoare a prezentei ordonante, vor continua sa fie solutionate de acele instante.
Art. 83.
(1) Asociatiile si fundatiile constituite, pana la data intrarii in vigoare a prezentei ordonante, in conditiile Legii nr. 21/1924 pentru persoanele juridice (Asociatii si Fundatii) isi pastreaza personalitatea juridica legal dobandita. Acestor asociatii si fundatii li se aplica, de la data intrarii in vigoare a prezentei ordonante, regimul juridic prevazut de aceasta.
(2) Uniunile, federatiile sau gruparile de persoane juridice, astfel cum sunt reglementate de Legea nr. 21/1924, isi pastreaza personalitatea juridica si, de la data intrarii in vigoare a prezentei ordonante, li se va aplica regimul juridic al federatiilor prevazut de aceasta din urma.
Art. 84.
(1) In termen de 3 luni de la intrarea in vigoare a prezentei ordonante registrele persoanelor juridice, aflate la grefa tribunalelor in circumscriptiile carora functioneaza persoanele juridice de drept privat prevazute de Legea nr. 21/1924 vor fi transmise judecatoriilor in ale caror circumscriptii teritoriale acestea isi au sediul.
(2) In acelasi termen, registrele uniunilor si federatiilor, aflate la grefa curtilor de apel in circumscriptiile carora functioneaza uniunile si federatiile prevazute de Legea nr. 21/1924, vor fi transmise tribunalelor in circumscriptiile carora acestea isi au sediul.
(3) In vederea constituirii Registrului national prevazut la art. 73, in termenul mentionat la alin. (1), instantele judecatoresti sunt obligate sa transmita Ministerului Justitiei copii de pe registrele asociatiilor si fundatiilor, precum si de pe registrele uniunilor si federatiilor, aflate la grefa acestora.
Art. 85.
Persoanele juridice de utilitate publica - asociatii, fundatii sau alte organizatii de acest fel infiintate prin legi, ordonante, decrete-lege, hotarari ale Guvernului sau prin orice alte acte de drept public nu intra sub incidenta prevederilor prezentei ordonante, ci raman supuse reglementarilor speciale care stau la baza infiintarii si functionarii lor.
Art. 86.
Pe data intrarii in vigoare a prezentei ordonante se abroga Legea nr. 21/1924 pentru persoanele juridice (Asociatii si Fundatii), publicata in Monitorul Oficial al Romaniei, Partea I, nr.27 din 6 februarie 1924, cu modificarile ulterioare, precum si orice alte dispozitii contrare.
PRIM-MINISTRU
MUGUR CONSTANTIN ISARESCU
Contrasemneaza:
p. Ministru de stat,
ministrul justitiei,
Flavius Baias,
secretar de stat
Ministrul finantelor,
Decebal Traian Remes
Bucuresti, 30 ianuarie 2000.
Nr. 26.
Ordinance n. 26 of 30 January 2000 on associations and foundations
Issued by: the Government of Romania
Published in: the Official Gazette, n.39 of 31 January 2000
Pursuant to provisions under article 107 sections (1) and (3) from the Constitution of Romania and article 1, letter S, point 2, from the Law n.206 of 1999 on the ability of the Government to issue ordinances, the Government of Romania issues the following ordinance:
Chapter 1.
General Provisions
Article 1
(1) Natural and legal persons aiming to carry out activities of general interest, of local community interest or, if such be the case, of their personal non-patrimonia1 interest may establish associations and foundations under the conditions of the present ordinance.
(2) Associations and foundations established according to the present ordinance are legal persons of private law without patrimonial aim.
(3) Political parties, trade unions and religious cults are not subject to the provisions of the present ordinance.
Article 2
The present ordinance aims to create the framework for:
a) exercising the right to free association;
b) promoting civic values, democracy and rule-of-law;
c) achieving a general or, if such be the case, a group interest;
d) facilitating associations' and foundations' access to private and public resources
e) partnering between public authorities and legal persons of private law without patrimonial aim
f) observing public order.
Article 3
The legal documents for establishing associations and foundations, such as they be drawn under the provisions of this ordinance, are governed by civil law.
Chapter 2
Establishing associations and foundations
Section 1
Establishing and registering associations
Article 4
An association is a subject of law constituted of three or more persons who, on the basis of an agreement, share, without being entitled to restitution, their material contribution, their knowledge and their lucrative activity, in order to accomplish activities of general interest, of community interest or, if such be the case, of their personal, non-patrimonial interest.
Article 5
(1) An association acquires legal status upon registration with the registry open with the clerks' office of the court in whose territorial circumscription the association operates.
(2) According to the constitutional right to [free] association, natural persons may associate without establishing a legal person when the proposed [pursued/envisaged] goal permits it.
Article 6
(1) In order to acquire legal status, the associates shall draw the constitutive act and the statute of the association in authentic form, otherwise being subject to absolute nullity.
(2) The constitutive act shall comprise, otherwise being subject to absolute nullity:
a) identification data of all associates: name or denomination and, if such be the case,
permanent address or headquarters;
b) expression of the will to associate and the purpose;
c) denomination of the association;
d) headquarters of the association;
e) [intended] duration of the association-whether for a determined, and then expressly indicating the term, or an undetermined period of time;
f) initial patrimony of the association; the quantum of the patrimonial assets must equal at least the double of the minimum salary at the date of the association's establishment, and may consist of in-kind and cash contributions of the associates;
g) nominal composition of the initial leadership, administrative and control bodies of the association;
h) the person or the persons mandated to carry out the procedure for acquiring legal status;
h) signatures of the associates
(3) The statute shall comprise, otherwise being subject to absolute nullity:
a) the elements required under paragraph (2), with the exception of those under letters g) and h);
b) the explicit purpose and the goals of the association
c) the way of acquiring and losing the associate status
d) the rights and duties of the associates;
e) the categories of patrimonial resources
f) the destination of the assets in case of liquidation, observing the provisions under article 60.
(4)Upon authentication of the constitutive act and statute of the association, a proof issued by the Ministry of Justice regarding the availability for the denomination of the association shall be submitted.
Article 7
(1)Any associate, on the basis of the mandate given under the terms of article 6, section (2), letter h), may submit a petition for registering the association at the Registry of the associations and foundations open with the clerks office of the court in whose territorial circumscription the association is to have its headquarters.
(2)The petition for registration shall enclose the following documents:
a) the constitutive act;
b) the statute of the association;
c) supporting documents for the headquarters and the initial patrimony.
Article 8
(1)The association becomes legal person upon registration with the Registry of associations and foundations.
(2)Within 3 days from submitting the petition for registration and the documents stipulated in article 7, section (2), the judge appointed by the president of the court checks their legality and orders by [written] summation the association be registered in the Registry of associations and foundations.
(3)Upon effectively registering the association, the summation ordering the registration will be communicated, automatically, to the local financial body in whose territorial circumscription the association has its headquarters, in order to be registered for fiscal purposes; when communicating the summation, the registration number in the Register of associations and foundations will also be mentioned.
Article 9
(1)In case the legal requirements for establishing the association are not met, the judge shall subpoena the representative of the association in the chamber of council by the end of the period stipulated in article 8, section (2), and shall require of him[/her], in writing, to correct the irregularities until the next term, which shall not be later than a week.
(2)If the noticed irregularities concern provisions of article 37, section (2), from the Constitution, the prosecutor's office with the respective court shall also be subpoenaed together with copies of the petition for registration, the constitutive act and the statute of the association. In such a case, the conclusions of the prosecutor are obligatory.
Article 10
(1)In case the irregularities are removed at the agreed term, the judge, listening also to the conclusions of the prosecutor and making a note on them in the summation, if such is the case, shall order the registration of the association in the Registry of associations and foundations.
(2)If the irregularities have not been removed or if, though legally subpoenaed, the representative of the association is unjustifiably missing, the judge rejects the petition for registration with a motivated summation.
(3) Summations stipulated in this article shall be pronounced within 24 hours after closing the debates, and shall be written within 48 hours after being pronounced.
Article 11
(1) Decisions of approval or rejection of the petition for registration are only subject t recourse.
(2) In case the prosecutor did not take part in solving the petition, copies of the constitutive act and the statute of the association together with the summation [containing the decision] of approval or rejection shall be communicated to the prosecutor's office with the respective court.
(3) The term for filing recourse is 5 days, starting from the date of pronunciation for those who were present, and from the date of communication for those who were absent.
(4) Recourse is solved by subpoenaing the parties, in the chamber of council, with urgency and priority. The provisions under article 10, section (3), regarding pronouncing and writing the summation apply accordingly.
Article 12
(1) Registration in the Registry of associations and foundations in compliance to article 8, shall be made on the day the decision of approval remains irrevocable; upon request, a registration certificate will be issued, with the name of the association, its headquarters, the duration of operation, the number and the date of registration in the Registry of associations and foundations.
(2) In relations with third parties, proof of the legal status can be made with the registration certificate, only.
Article 13
(1) The association may establish branches, for local structures, with a minimum number of 3 members, own leadership bodies, and a patrimony distinct from that of the association.
(2) Branches are entities with legal status and may undertake legal acts of administration and conservation, in compliance with the conditions established by the association in the constitutive act of the branch. Branches may undertake legal acts of disposition in the name, and on behalf, of the association only on the basis of a prior decision of the association's board of directors.
(3) The branch is established by authenticated decision of the general assembly of the association. The legal status is acquired on the date of registering the branch in the Registry of the associations and foundations.
(4) In order to register the branch, the representative of the association will submit the petition for registration together with the decision for establishing the branch and the supporting documents for the headquarters and the initial patrimony at the court in whose territorial circumscription the branch is to have its headquarters. Provisions under articles 9-12 apply accordingly.
Article 14
If the association, by virtue of its purpose or goals, is to carry out activities for which, according to the law, prior administrative authorizations are necessary, these activities will only be initiated, under penalty of dissolution by court decision, after obtaining the respective authorizations.
Section 2
Establishing and registering foundations
Article 15
(1) A foundation is a subject of law created by one or more persons who, on the basis of an act of will inter vivos or for cause of death, establish a patrimony designed permanently and irrevocably for achieving an objective of general interest or, if such be the case, of community interest.
(2) The initial patrimony of the foundation must include assets in-kind or in cash whose total value should be at least 100 times the minimum gross salary in the national economy, on the date the association is created.
(3) By derogation from the provisions of paragraph (2), foundations whose exclusive goal, under penalty of dissolution by court decision, is fundraising for other associations or foundations, in order to assure that the latters carry out their own programs, the initial patrimony may have a total value of at least 20 times the minimum gross salary in the national economy.
Article 16
(1) In order to obtain legal status, the founder or, if such be the case, the founders, draw the constitutive act and the statute of the foundation, in authentic form, otherwise being subject to absolute nullity.
(2) The constitutive act of the foundation shall comprise, otherwise being subject to absolute nullity:
a) identification data of the founder or, if such be the case, of the founders: the name or denomination and, if such be the case, their permanent address or headquarters;
b) purpose of the foundation;
c) denomination of the foundation;
d) headquarters of the foundation;
e) [intended] duration of the foundation-whether for a determined, and then expressly indicating the term, or an undetermined period of time;
f) initial patrimony of the foundation;
g) nominal composition of the initial leadership, administrative and control bodies of the
foundation, or the rules for appointing such officers;
h) the person or the persons mandated to carry out the procedure for acquiring legal status;
i) signatures of the associates.
(3) The statute shall comprise, under penalty of invalidation:
a) the elements provided under paragraph (2), with the exception of those under letters g) and h);
b) the explicit purpose and the goals of the foundation;
c) the categories of patrimonial resources of the foundation;
d) the attributions of the leadership, administrative and control bodies of the foundation;
e) the procedure for appointing and modifying the officers of the leadership, administrative and control bodies along the duration of the foundation;
f) the destination of the assets, in case of liquidation, observing the provisions under article 60.
Article 17
(1) The foundation acquires legal status upon registration in the Registry of associations and foundations with the clerks' office of the court in whose territorial circumscription it has its headquarters.
(2) The petition for registration will enclose the following documents:
a) the constitutive act;
b) b) the statute;
c) supporting documents for the headquarters and initial patrimony.
(3) The provisions under article 6, paragraph (4), article 7, paragraph (1), articles 8-12 and article 14 apply accordingly.
Article 18
(1) The foundation may establish branches, as territorial structures on the basis of an authenticated decision of the board of directors, whereby a patrimony is affected to each branch.
(2) The branch is managed by its own board of directors, made up of at least three members.
(3) The provisions under article 13 paragraphs (2) and (4) apply correspondingly.
Article 19
(1) The heirs, or the personal creditors, of the founders have the same rights in their relation to the foundation as in the case of any other liberality made by the founder.
(2) After registering the foundation in the Registry of associations and foundations, neither the founders nor their heirs can revoke the constitutive act. Likewise, after registration, the constitutive act can no longer be attacked by the personal creditors of the founders, either.
(3) If the foundation acquires legal status after the death of the founder, the effects of the liberalities made by the latter in favor of the foundation, previous to its establishment, will come into force from the date of the constitutive act for those foundations created through acts inter vivos, and from the date of the testator's death for those foundations created by will.
Chapter 3
Organization and operation of associations and foundations
Section 1
Organization and operation of associations
Article 20
The bodies of the association are:
a) the general assembly;
b) the board of directors;
c) the censor or, if such be the case, the committee of censors.
Article 21
(1) The general assembly is the leadership body made up of the entirety of all members.
(2) The general assembly has the competence to:
a) establish the strategy and the general objectives of the association;
b) approve of the revenues and expenditure budget and of the [financial] accounting balance sheet;
c) elect and revoke members of the board of directors;
d) elect and revoke the censor or, if such be the case, the members of the committee of censors;
e) establish branches;
f) modify the constitutive act and the statute;
g) dissolve and liquidate the association, as well as to establish the destination of the assets for after the liquidation;
h) any other prerogatives stipulated by the law or the statute.
(3)Changing the headquarters can be decided by the board of directors, if this prerogative is explicitly stipulated in the statute.
(4) The general assembly convenes at least once a year and has a permanent right to control the bodies stipulated under article 20, paragraphs b) and c).
(5) The rules of order for the organization and operation of the general assembly are established in the statute.
Article 22.
(1) The associate personally interested in an issue on the agenda of the general assembly, either through his wife, descendants or ascendants, collateral relatives, including relatives of the fourth degree, cannot take part in either the discussion/debate or the vote.
(2) The associate [willingly] breaking the provisions of paragraph (1) is responsible for subsequent damages caused to the association if the required majority could not have been obtained without his/her vote.
Article 23
(1) The decisions taken by the general assembly, within the limits of the law, that regard the constitutive act and/or the statute are obligatory even for the associates who have not taken part in the general meeting or have voted against.
(2) The decisions of the general assembly, that are contrary to the law, the constitutive act or the provisions of the statute can be taken to court, by any of the associates who did not take part in the general assembly, or who voted against and demanded their position be noted in the minutes, within 15 days from the date they found out about the decision, or from the date the meeting took place, respectively.
(3) The petition for annulment is solved in the chamber of council at the court in whose circumscription the association has its headquarters. The decision is only subject to recourse.
Article 24
(1) The board of directors ensures the execution of the decisions made by the general assembly. The board may include persons from without the association within the limit of maximum one-quarter of its composition.
(2) The board of directors has the competence to:
a) present the general assembly the activity report on the previous period, the budgetary execution report, the [financial] accounting balance sheet, the proposed revenues and expenditures budget and the project of programs for the association;
b) draw legal acts in the name and on behalf of the association;
c) approve the staff structure and policy, unless otherwise stipulated in the statute;
d) carry out any other attributions stipulated in the statute or decided upon by the general assembly.
(3) The general rules of order regarding the organization and operation of the board of directors are established in the statute. The board of directors can draft its own internal rules of order.
(4) Any person serving in a leadership position with any public institution, if the association has as goal to support the activity of that institution, cannot be a member of the association's board of directors, or if they were, they lose this latter position.
Article 25
Provisions under article 22 apply accordingly to the members of the board of directors.
The decisions of the board of directors that are contrary to the law, the constitutive act or the statute of the association, can be taken to court, under the terms stipulated under the article 23.
Article 26
The board of directors can mandate one or more persons with executive positions, including persons not having associate status or from without the association, to exercise the attributions stipulated under article 24 section (2), letters b) and d).
Article 27
(1) The internal financial control of the association is ensured by a censor.
(2) For the associations with more than 100 members registered until the date of the last general assembly, the internal financial control shall be done by a committee of censors.
(3) The censor or the committee of censors has the competence to:
a) check the way the patrimony of the association is administered;
b) draw up reports and submit them to the general assembly;
c) participate in the meetings of the board of directors without having the right to vote d) fulfill any other attributions stipulated in the statute or established by the general assembly.
(4) The committee of censors consists of an odd number of members, whereof the majority is made of associates. The members of the board of directors cannot be censors.
(5) The general rules of order for the organization and operation of the committee of censors get approved by the general assembly. The committee of censors may draft its internal rules of order.
Section 2
Organization and operation of foundations
Article 28
The bodies of the foundation are:
a) the board of directors;
b) the censor or, if such be the case, the committee of censors.
Article 29
(1) The board of directors of the foundation is the leadership and administrative body.
(2) The board of directors ensures achieving the purpose and goals of the foundation, having the following attributions:
a) to establish the general strategy and the programs of the foundation;
b) to approve of the budget and of the [financial] accounting balance sheet;
c) to elect and revoke the censor or the members of the committee of censors;
d) to establish branches;
e) to draw legal acts in the name and on behalf of the foundation; f) to execute thebudget of revenues and expenditures;
f) to approve the staff structure and strategy of the foundation; h) to modify the
statute of the foundation;
i) to accomplish any other duties stipulated in the law or in the statute.
(3) The general rules of order regarding the organization and operation of the board of directors are established in the statute. The board of directors may draft its own internal rules of order.
(4) The provisions under articles 22 and 24, paragraph (4), apply accordingly to the members of the board of directors. The decisions contrary to the law, the constitutive act or the statute of the foundation can be taken to court, under the terms provided by article 23, by the founder or any member of the board of directors who was absent, or who voted against and asked his position be noted in the minutes.
(5) Changing the purpose of the foundation can only be done by the founder or the majority of the founders alive. If none of the founders is still alive, changing the purpose of the foundation can be done only by a four-fifths vote of the board of directors.
(6) In all cases, changing the purpose of the foundation is done only if it has been totally or partially accomplished or if it cannot be accomplished any more.
(7) Provisions under article 26 apply accordingly as to the attributions stipulated under paragraphs (2), letters e) and i).
Article 30
(1) The board of directors consists of at least 3 members appointed by the founder or, if such be the case, the founders upon establishing the foundation.
(2) In case that, along the foundations' operation, the composition of the board of directors cannot be modified according to the terms provided by the statute, the court indicated in article 17 shall appoint the persons to become members of the board of directors, by presidential ordinance, upon request by any interested party.
Article 31
(1) The committee of censors consists of an odd number of members. (2) Provisions under article 27 apply accordingly.
Article 32
In case the constitutive act does not include the nominal composition of the initial bodies of the foundation, but only the rules established by the founders for appointing the officers, and if none of the founders is alive at the date when the foundation is established, the provisions under article 30, paragraph (2), apply accordingly.
Chapter 4
Modifying the constitutive act and the statute of the association or the foundation
Article 33
(1) Modifying the constitutive act and/or the statute of the association is done by registering the modification in the Registry of associations and foundations with the clerks' office at the court in whose territorial circumscription the association has its headquarters, accordingly applying the provisions under articles 8-12.
(2) The petition for registering the modification will enclose the minutes of the general assembly in authenticated form and, in the case of modifying the headquarters, the minutes of the meeting of the board of directors in authenticated form, as in the situation stipulated in article 21, section (3).
(3) Measures for authentication of the minutes and for registration of the modifications are undertaken by the board of directors. The formalities at the public notary do not require the presence of other persons than the members of the board of directors or of just some of them, mandated by the general assembly or the board of directors, as may be the case.
(4) The note concerning the headquarters modification shall be made, if needed, both in the Registry of associations and foundations with the clerks' office at the court in whose territorial circumscription the association had its former headquarters, and the Registry of associations and foundations with the clerks' office at the court in whose territorial circumscription the association has its new headquarters.
To this end, a copy of the summation with [the decision approving of] the headquarters modification will be communicated, automatically, to the court in whose circumscription the association is to have its new headquarters.
Article 34
Provisions under article 33 apply accordingly in case of modifying the constitutive act and/or the statute of the foundation.
Chapter 5
Federations
Article 35
(1) Two or more associations or foundations may establish a federation.
(2) Federations acquire legal status and operate under the provisions of the present ordinance for associations without patrimonial aim, the conditions applying accordingly, with the exceptions established in the present chapter.
(3) The petition for registration is solved by the tribunal in whose circumscription the federation is to have its headquarters.
Article 36
(1) The federation acquires legal status upon registration in the Registry of federations with the clerks' office at the tribunal stipulated in article 35, paragraph (3).
(2) Associations and foundations that form a federation keep their own legal status, including their own patrimony.
Article 37
In case of dissolution of the federation, unless otherwise stipulated by the statute, the assets remaining after the liquidation shall be transmitted, in equal shares, to the constituent legal persons.
Chapter 6
Associations and foundations of public utility
Article 38
(1) An association or foundation can be recognized by the Government of Romania as being of public utility if the following conditions are met cumulatively:
a) its activity is carried out for general or community interest, as may be the case;
b) it has been operating for at least three years and achieved part of the proposed goals;
c) it presents a report showing the development of significant prior activities, by carrying out programs or projects specific to its purpose, together with balance sheets and budgets of revenues and expenditures for the last three years;
d) the value of the patrimonial assets for each year is at least equal to the value of the initial patrimony.
(2) The Government of Romania can grant, upon advice from the competent administrative authority, a waiver from the terms stipulated in paragraph (1), letters a) and b) if:
a) the association or foundation applying for public utility status has resulted from the merger of two or more pre-existing associations or foundations; and, b) each of the pre-existing associations or foundations would have met the two conditions, if they were to apply independently.
Article 39
(1) Recognition of an association or foundation of public utility is made by Government decision. To this end, the interested association or foundation submits an application to the ministry or the central public administration authority in whose sphere of competence it carries out its activity.
(2) Conflicts of competence among public authorities stipulated in paragraph (1) with respect to registering the application are solved by the General Secretariat of the Government, upon notification from any of the parties, within 5 days from registering the notification.
(3) In order to solve the conflict, the public authorities stipulated in paragraph (1) are obliged to give the General Secretariat of the Government all information necessary for resolution. The order of the secretary general is final.
Article 40
(1) The competent administrative authority is obliged to examine the application and the fulfillment of the conditions stipulated in article 38, within 60 days. If these conditions are met, the authority shall advise the Government for recognition. If not, the administrative authority shall transmit the applying legal person a motivated answer.
(2) Within 90 days from the date of submitting the application stipulated in paragraph
(1), the government of Romania shall decide upon the proposal for recognition. If the proposal is rejected, the decision shall be communicated to the association or foundation by the administrative authority where the application for recognition was registered.
Article 41
Recognition of the public utility status confers the association or foundation the following rights and obligations:
a) the right to be conceded public services without commercial character, according to the law;
b) the preferential right to [financial] resources from the state and local budgets;
c) the right to mention in all the documents that it draws that the association or foundations is recognized as having public utility status; d) the obligation to maintain at least the level of activity and performance that determined the recognition;
e) the obligation to communicate to the competent administrative authority about any modifications to the constitutive act and the statute, as well as the activity reports and annual balance sheets; the administrative body is obliged to ensure that consulting these documents is available to any interested person;
f) the obligation to publish excerpts after the activity reports and the annual balance sheets in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part IV, as well as in the National registry of legal persons without patrimonial aim.
Article 42
(1) Recognition of the public utility status is for an undetermined period.
(2) In case the association or foundation no longer meets one or more of the conditions whereupon recognition of public utility status was based, the Government shall withdraw the recognition act upon advice from the competent administrative authority or the Ministry of Justice.
(3) The withdrawal shall also occur in case the duties stipulated under article 41 are not fulfilled.
(4) The circumstances stipulated under paragraphs (2) and (3) may be announced to the competent administrative authority, to the Ministry of Justice or to the Government, by any other association or foundation or by any interested authority or public institution.
Article 43
In case of dissolution of an association or foundation recognized as having public utility status, the assets remaining after the liquidation will be distributed, by Government decision, to other association or foundation with a similar purpose, or to public institutions.
Article 44
Litigations regarding recognition of public utility status for interested associations or foundations shall be solved according to the Law of administrative contentious n.29 of 1999, and its subsequent modifications.
Article 45
Provisions of the present chapter do not apply to federations, unless the law stipulates otherwise.
Chapter 7
Revenues
Article 46
(1) Revenues of associations or federations come from:
a) membership fees/dues;
b) interests and dividends resulting from [financial] placements of the available sums, according to the law;
c) dividends from commercial companies established by associations or federations;
d) revenues from direct economic activities;
e) donations, sponsorships or legacies;
f) other revenues stipulated by law.
(2) Revenues of foundations are those stipulated under paragraph (1), letters b) through g).
Article 47
Associations or foundations may establish commercial companies. Dividends obtained by association or foundations from the activities of these commercial companies, unless reinvested in the same commercial companies, shall be obligatorily used for achieving the purpose of the association or foundation.
Article 48
Associations or foundations may carry out any other direct economic activities, if they have accessory character and are closely connected to the main purpose of the legal person.
Chapter 8
Relations with public authorities
Article 49
(1) Local public administration authorities shall support legal persons established on the basis of the present ordinance by:
a) providing them, inasmuch is possible, with spaces for headquarters, according to the law;
b) providing them, inasmuch is possible, with grounds for building constructions necessary for the development of their activities.
(2) Local public administration authorities draw, upon request from the entitled legal persons, priority lists for appropriating the immovables stipulated in paragraph (1).
Article 50
Public authorities are obliged to provide the associations, foundations and federations public interest information, according to the law.
Article 51
(1) Within the Chambers of the Parliament, the Presidency of Romania, the General Secretariat of the Government, the institution of the Ombudsman, the autonomous administration authorities, the ministries, the other specialized bodies of the central and local public administration authorities, organizational structures operate the relation with associations and foundations.
(2) The public authorities mentioned in paragraph (1) may consult with representatives of associations and foundations carrying out activities in their sphere of competence in order to develop common programs or activities.
Article 52
(1) After their establishment, the interested associations, foundations and federations will request the autonomous administration authorities, the ministries, the other special bodies of the central and local public administration authorities to be recorded according to the field wherein they operate.
(2) The public authorities stipulated in paragraph (1) are obliged to keep a record of those associations and foundations that required so.
(3) Conflicts of competence arising among public authorities stipulated in paragraph (1) with respect to recording associations, foundations and federations are solved, upon request from any of the parties, by the General Secretariat of the Government, within 5 days from the notification date. Provisions under article 39, section (3), apply accordingly.
(4) In all cases, the Ministry of Justice shall communicate to the competent public authority stipulated under section (1), for information purposes, copies of the [summations containing the] irrevocable court decisions, as well as of the supporting documents, within 5 days from receiving the documents stipulated under article 47.
Article 53
Litigations arising with respect to the provisions of the present chapter are solved according to the Law of administrative contentious #29 of 1999, and the subsequent modifications.
Chapter 9
Dissolution and liquidation
Section 1.
Dissolution
Article 54
(1) Associations and federations get dissolved:
a) lawfully;
c) by court or tribunal decision, as may be the case;
d) by decision of the general assembly.
(2) The foundations dissolve:
a) lawfully;
b) by court decision.
Article 55
(1) Associations get dissolved lawfully:
a) when the period the association has been established for has come to an end;
b) when the purpose for which it has been established has been accomplished or can no longer be accomplished, if within 3 months from reaching such conclusion the purpose is not modified;
c) when the general assembly or the board of directors can no longer be constituted according to the statute of the association, if this situation lasts for more than a year from the date when, according to the statute, the general assembly and the board of directors should have been constituted;
d) when the number of associates has dropped under the limit provided by the law, if the number has not been completed within 3 months.
(2) Reaching the conclusion that [lawful] dissolution is in order shall by done by decision of the court in whose territorial circumscription the association has its headquarters, upon request from any interested person.
Article 56
(1) The association is dissolved by court decision, upon request from any interested person:
a) when the purpose or the activity of the association has become illicit or contrary to the public order;
b) when the purpose is accomplished by means illicit or contrary to the public order;
c) when the association seeks to accomplish another purpose than that for which it has been established;
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d) when the association is in a state of insolvency;
e) in the case stipulated under article 14.
(2) The competent instance is the court in whose circumscription the association has its headquarters.
Article 57
The association may dissolve by decision of the general assembly. Within 15 days from the date of the dissolution meeting, the minutes in authenticated form are submitted to the court in whose territorial circumscription it has its headquarters, in order to be registered in the Registry of associations and foundations.
Article 58
Foundation get dissolved lawfully in cases stipulated under article 55 paragraph (1), letters a) and b), as well as in case it is impossible to constitute the board of directors according to the statute of the foundation, if this situation lasts for more than a year from the date when the board of directors should have been constituted, according to the statute. The provisions of article 55, paragraph (2), apply accordingly.
Article 59
The dissolution of the foundation is done by court decision under the terms of article 56, which applies accordingly, as well as in case the provisions of article 15, section (3), are not observed.
Article 60
(1) In case of dissolution of the association or foundation, the assets remaining after liquidation cannot be transmitted to natural persons.
(2) These assets may be transmitted to, legal persons of private law or public law with an identical or similar purpose, through the procedure established in the statute of the association or foundation.
(3) If, within 6 months from the liquidation, the liquidators did not succeed in transmitting the assets under the terms of paragraph (2), as well as in case the statute of the association or foundation does not stipulate a procedure of transmitting the assets, or if the stipulation is contrary to the law or to the public order, the assets remaining after liquidation shall be distributed by the competent court to a legal person with an identical or similar purpose.
(4) In case the association or foundation has been dissolved for reasons provided under article 56, paragraph (1), letters a)-c), the assets remaining after liquidation shall be taken over by the state, through the Ministry of Finance or, if such be the case, by the commune or city in whose territory the association or foundation had its headquarters, if the latter was of local interest.
(5) The date of transmitting the assets is that of the delivery and taking over documents, unless an ulterior date is established therein.
Section 2
Liquidation
Article 61
(1) In cases of dissolution stipulated under articles 55, 56, 58 and 59, the liquidators shall be appointed by court decision.
(2) In case of dissolution stipulated under article 57, the liquidators shall be appointed by the general assembly, under penalty of lack of juridical effects of the dissolution decision.
(3) In all cases, the mandate of the board of directors ends once the liquidators have been appointed.
(4) The liquidators may be natural or legal persons. The permanent representativesnatural persons of the legal person in charge with the liquidation-must be authorized liquidators, according to the law.
Article 62
(1) Immediately after assuming office, the liquidators shall make the inventory and shall draw a balance sheet that must give an exact situation of the assets and liabilities of the association or foundation.
(2) Liquidators are obliged to receive and keep the registers and any other acts of the association or foundation. Likewise, they shall keep a register with all the operations undertaken during the liquidation, in chronological order.
(3) Liquidators fulfill their mandate under the supervision of the censors.
Article 63
(1) Liquidators are obliged to continue the juridical operations underway, cash the debts, pay the creditors and, if the cash is insufficient, transform the rest of the assets in cash, proceeding to sell the movables and immovables at public auction.
(2) Liquidators can accomplish only those new operations that are necessary for finalizing the activities underway.
Article 64
(1) The sum due the known creditor who refuses to receive payment for his/her debt will be registered in his account
{2) If the payment of the debt cannot be done immediately or when the debt is disputed, the liquidation shall not be declared finished before the creditors are secured.
Article 65
In any case, liquidators cannot close the operations and remit the administration account to those entitled earlier than 6 months after the dissolution of the association or foundation is published.
Article 66
Liquidators are responsible in solidarity to the creditors for any damage resulting from their negligence.
Article 67
Liquidators are subject to [common] mandate regulations both with respect to the association or foundation, and to the members or the founders.
Article 68
(1) After liquidation is over, within 2 months, the liquidators are obliged to submit the balance sheet, the journal register and a memorandum, stating the liquidation operations to the Registry of associations and foundations with the [clerks' office at the] court in whose territorial circumscription the association or foundation has its headquarters.
(2) Liquidators are obliged to fulfill all the procedures for publishing the liquidation and for erasing the association or foundation from the Registry of associations and foundations.
(3) Publication of the liquidation is done by posters placed on the door of the court in whose territorial circumscription the legal person has its headquarters, within 2 months since the liquidation is over.
Article 69
If, within 30 free days from submitting the balance sheet, no contestation is recorded, the balance sheet is considered definitely approved and the liquidators, by court authorization, shall remit to those entitled the assets and cash remaining after liquidation, together with all registers and acts of the association or foundation and of the liquidation procedure. Only after this, liquidators shall be considered cleared and be issued a certificate to that effect.
Article 70
(1) Contestations against the liquidators' balance sheet may be formulated by any interested person at the court in whose territorial circumscription the liquidated legal person has its headquarters.
(2) All contestations shall be solved by only one decision. The sentence pronounced by the court is executory and is only subject to recourse.
(3) After the liquidation is over, liquidators must ask the association or foundation be erased from the Registry of associations and foundations.
Article 71
(I) The association or foundation ceases to exist upon erasing it from the Registry of associations and foundations.
(2) Erasing is done on the basis of the certificate issued to liquidators under the terms under article 69, whereof they are cleared of the assumed duties.
Article 72
Provisions of the present chapter regarding dissolution and liquidation of associations and foundations shall apply accordingly to the dissolution and liquidation of federations.
The competent instance is the tribunal in whose territorial circumscription are the headquarters of the federation subject to dissolution and liquidation.
Chapter 10
National Registry of Legal Persons without Patrimonial Aim
Article 73
(1) The National Registry of the Legal Persons without Patrimonial Aim- associations, foundations and federations-is hereby created in order to keep a centralized record thereof; hereinafter, it is called the National Register.
(2) The National Registry is held with the specialized department of the Ministry of Justice.
Article 74
(1) In order to establish and operate the National Registry, the courts are obliged to automatically submit to the Ministry of Justice copies of those court decisions that remain irrevocable and concern the constitution, modification or dissolution/liquidation of any association, foundation or federation together with copies of the [respective] supporting documents, within 3 days since each court decision remains irrevocable.
(2) Associations and foundations recognized as having public utility status must submit to the Ministry of Justice copies of the excerpt activity reports and annual balance sheets, as well as proof issued by the Regie Autonome "Official Gazette" that publication thereof was required in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part IV.
Article 75
(1) The National Registry of the legal persons without patrimonial aim is public.
(2) The Ministry of justice is obliged to issue, on the expenses of the person requiring so, certified copies of the registrations made in the National Registry and of the proving documents.
(3) Documents stipulated under paragraph (2) may be requested and issued by mail.
(4) Data from the National Registry may be issued and archived also as recordings on microfilms and equipment accessible for automatic data processing.
Chapter 11
Special provisions
Article 76
(1) Foreign legal persons without patrimonial aim may be recognized in Romania, under condition of reciprocity, on the basis of prior approval from the Government, by registration in the Registry of associations and foundations with the clerks' office at the Bucharest tribunal, if they are validly established in the state whose nationality they possess, and if the purpose in their statute does not run counter the public order in Romania.
(2) To this end, representatives of the foreign legal persons must enclose with the petition for registration the following acts, in authenticated copies and legalized translations:
a) the constitutive act in the state whose nationality the legal persons have;
b) the statute (inasmuch it exists as a distinct document);
c) the decision of the leadership body of that legal person, whereby recognition in Romania is required;
d) the statute of the future representative in Romania of that legal person, comprising provisions regarding the headquarters, the legal capacity and the persons representing the foreign legal persons;
e) the decision of the Government of Romania to approve the required recognition in Romania of that legal person.
(3) The provisions of articles 8-12 and 81 apply accordingly.
Article 77
(1) Associations and foundations established as Romanian legal persons by foreign legal or natural persons may acquire, along the whole period of operation, the right to property and any other real rights for the grounds necessary to accomplish the purpose for which they have been established.
(2) In case of dissolution and liquidation of associations and foundations stipulated in paragraph (1), liquidators are obliged to alienate the grounds, within a year, only to persons having the legal capacity to acquire such assets. The one year period is calculated from the date the court decision which reaches the conclusion dissolution is in order or disposes the dissolution remains irrevocable, or as may be the case, from the date of the voluntary dissolution.
(3) In case of non-observance of the one year period for alienation of the grounds stipulated in paragraph (2), the competent court shall dispose their selling at public auction.
(4) In all cases, the assets remaining after liquidation, including the grounds not alienated under the terms in paragraphs (2) and (3), are appropriated according to provisions of article 60.
Chapter 12
Transitory and final provisions
Article 78
The present ordinance comes into force within 3 months from the date of publication in the Official Gazette of Romania, Part 1.
Article 79
During the period stipulated in article 78, the Ministry of Justice:
a) shall elaborate and adopt the Rulings regarding the organization of the Registry of associations and foundations, the Registry of federations, as well as the National Registry of legal persons without patrimonial aim, that shall comprise provisions regarding access to this registry of legal persons of public law, legal persons of private law, as well as natural persons;
b) shall establish the form and contents for registration certificates mentioned in article 12, section(l), and article 17, section(3) , as well as the terms for issuing the proof mentioned in article 6, section(4).
Article 80
Provisions of the Decree n. 31 of 1954, regarding natural and legal persons, apply accordingly to associations and foundations as well, except for those provisions that run counter to provisions stipulated under the present ordinance.
Article 81
As to the associations and foundations that have the status of foreign legal persons,
the provisions of article 43 and the following, from the Law n. 105 of 1992, regarding the regulation of international private law relations, are and remain valid.
Article 82
Petitions for authorizing the establishment of associations, foundations, federations or unions of persons, that are currently in the process of being solved, in courts legally invested at the date the present ordinance comes into force, shall continue to be solved by those instances.
Article 83
(1) Associations and foundations established, until the present ordinance comes into force, under the terms of Law #21 of 1924 for legal persons (Associations and Foundations) keep the already acquired legal status. To these associations and foundations, the legal framework established herein shall be applied starting from the date the present ordinance comes into force.
(2) Unions, federations or groups of legal persons, as regulated by Law n. 21 of 1924, keep their legal status and, from the date the present ordinance comes into force, will be applied the legal framework for federations provided herein.
Article 84
(1) Within 3 months from the coming into force of the present ordinance, registers of legal persons with the clerks' office at tribunals in whose circumscriptions function legal persons of private law, according to provisions of Law n. 1 of 1924, shall be transmitted to courts in whose circumscription they have their headquarters.
(2) Within the same period, registers of unions and federations with the clerk's office at courts of appeals in whose circumscriptions function unions and federations, according to provisions of Law n. 21 of 1924, shall be transmitted to tribunals in whose circumscriptions they have their headquarters.
(3) In order to establish the National Registry stipulated article 73, within the period stipulated in paragraph (1), courts are obliged to submit to the Ministry of Justice copies of the registries of associations and foundations, as well as of the registries of unions and federations, currently with their clerks' offices.
Article 85
Legal persons of public utility-associations, foundations or other organizations of the kind, established by laws, ordinances, decree-laws, decisions of the Government or other acts of public law-do not come under the incidence of the provisions of the present ordinance, but are subject to the special regulations that are the basis for their establishment and operation.
Article 86
On the date the present ordinance comes into force, Law n. 21 of 1924 for legal persons (Associations and Foundations), published in the Official Gazette, Part I, n. 27 of 6 February 1924, is abrogated together with the subsequent modifications, as well as any other contrary provisions.
Signed by
Prime-Minister
Mugur Constantin Isarescu
Countersigned by and Flavius Baias Decebal Traian Remes, Secretary of state Minister of Finance
At the Ministry of Justice for Valeriu Stoica, State Minister and Minister of Justice
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